Directing

The Heart of the

Managerial Process

Directing as a Function of Management

5 Functions of Management by Koontz & O
Donell

Planning

Controllin
g

Staffing

Directi
ng
Organizin
g

Management is an art of DIRECTING human

efforts to achieve stipulated objectives.

Directing as a Function of Management

The Principles of Directing:
supervision
guidance
goals
written or
verbal
complete & logical
encourage
cooperation

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Elements
of
Directing

Elements of Directing :
1. Leadership

True leadership is about

taking people to a place
that they would not go to
by themselves.

Elements of Directing :

Elements of Directing :
2. Communication
Ideation
Encoding
Transmissi
on
Receiving
Decoding
Response

Superior to
subordinate
From subordinates
Between peers
From
caregivers
to
patients,
Not
on the
etc.
same level of
hierarchy
Rumor

Elements of Directing :
3. Delegation
-to assign specific tasks
to workers

Assess
Plan
Interve
ne
Evalua
te

Right
Person
Task
Time

Elements of Directing :
4. Decision Making & Problem Solving
(value-based) (scientific
process)
1
2

3
4

Decision
Making
Models:
Normative
Decision Tree
Descriptive

Elements of Directing :
5. Policies & Procedures
Policies =
guidelines, tools for
orienting, used as
reference, basis for
developing
procedures

Procedures =
specific directions
for imple-menting
policies, used
for standardization,
for teaching &

Sample
Employee
Handbook
Table of
Contents

Elements of Directing :
6. Supervision
Supervising means
overseeing
the
activities of others. It is
inspecting, guiding,
evaluating, and improving
the work performance of
employees.

Elements of Directing :
7. Coordination
-synchronization of
activities

Whom do we coordinate with?

- Medical,
administrative, radiology, laboratory,
pharmacy, dietary, social service,
community agencies, and other

Elements of Directing :

Elements of Directing :
8. Motivation
-To arouse, excite, or
influence behavior

Elements of Directing :
9. Staff Development
Employees who are educated and
supported are more likely to be
empowered, forward thinking and
motivated.

Programs include
seminars,
case
conferences, shadowing
or buddy system, formal
schooling, professional
publications, inservice

Elements of Directing :
10. Conflict Management
Conflict is a
differing of ideas.

Types of
conflict:
Vertica
Overtl
Covert
Horizo
How do we resolve
ntal
these conflicts?

avoidance,
accomodation,
compromise,

SUMMARY
Directing that encourages leadership,
motivation,
and communication
techniques and emphasizes the human
aspects of managing individuals is most
desirable. Personal and motivational goals
are met as the nurse is
motivated
to be ambitious and responsible, to show
initiative, to be proud of fellow nurses and
the
employing
institution, to
Effective
directing will
result in greater
harmony
in the
actions
of
welcome change,
and
to demonstrate
supervisors
employees &
in
individualand
abilities.
the achievement of the objectives of personnel
as well as of the enterprise.
Directing will be most
effective when
employees have leaders who provide
direct personal contact.

k
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