Homogenous Charge

compression Ignition

Direction Of Auto ICE

Lower Displacement
Hybrid technologies
Alternative Fuels
Turbocharging
EPA regulations
(HCCI has seemed to die off)

(Road Map)
History
Concept/Theory
Pros Cons
Differences from CI and SI

HCCI in the future

Conclusion
Whats driving it forward?
How soon can we expect it?

Paving the way for HCCI

Variable Valve timing

Variable Compression Ratio
Gas Direct Injection (GDI)
Exhaust Gas recirculation
(up to 60% EGR compared to 15% SI) *double
check*

Variable valve lift

Cylinder pressure sensing
Electric cam phasing

Pros/Cons
Advantages
Comparisons to SI
Comparisons to CI

Overall advantages/disadvantages

GM HCCI animation

Comparisons to SI

Elimination of throttling losses

Higher compression ratio
Shorter combustion duration
Lower NOx emissions

HCCI vs SI flame propagation

Comparison to CI
Lower emissions of PM and NOx
Dilute homogenous air and fuel mix
Low combustion temperature(800-1100K)
1900-2100K for CI engines must be reached

Combustion duration is shorter

Lower cost due to lower pressure fuel injection

Advantages
Fuel flexibility
Fueled with gasoline or diesel
Low emissions

Disadvantages

Controlling ignition timing over range of speeds

Extending operating range to high loads
Noise-rapid and intense combustion process
Cold start capability
Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions

The Future of HCCI

Two Questions
1. What is Driving this Technology into the Future?
2. When can we Expect to see this Technology on the Road?

Pushing Companies Forward

1. CAF Standards

2. Unstable Gas Prices

3. Emissions Standards

CAF Standards
Light duty vehicles are
responsible for about 60
percent of U.S. transportation
petroleum consumption!

http://
www.caranddriver.com/features/10q2/how_automakers_w

Unstable Gas Prices

A May 2006 Consumer Reports study showed that elevated gas prices were having a
significant impact on the American lifestyle, with 37 percent of the nationwide survey
respondents reporting that they were considering replacing their current vehicle for
one with greater fuel economy.
http://editorial.autos.msn.com/article.aspx?cp-documentid=435618
http://www.roperld.com/science/minerals/Oil&USGasolinePricesPrediction.htm

Emissions Standards
An equation [using] CO2 concentrations since 1965, coupled with lower emissions estimates,
predicts that CO2 concentrations will peak at 412 ppm in 2034 and then decline.
~EPA

STILL NEEDS WORK

How Soon?!
Operational Range

Electronic Controls

Cost $
Life Cycle

Cold Start
Idle
High RPM
Acceleration

Because of some technical issues and

excess noise and vibration, HCCI engines
currently operate best in low-load, nonidling situations.
~MoterTrend

Today, due in large part to incredible

computer advances and ever-improving
engine valve control systems, it is now
technologically feasible to control HCCI
combustion.
~MotorTrend

http://blogs.motortrend.com/ambitious-achievable-interim-cafe-32-mpg-by-2015-1835.html

How Soon!?
HybridElectric, 2012 Volt

HCCI, 2016 Saturn Aura

Questions