TEKNOLOGI BAHAN DAN KOROSI

By. Tiara Pradita

NON-METALS (SELAIN POLIMER)

Glass, carbon, stoneware, brick, rubber, plastics, and wood
are common examples of nonmetals used as materials of
construction. Many of the nonmetals have low structural
strength. Consequently, they are often used in the form of
linings or coatings bonded to metal supports. For example,
glass-lined or rubber-lined equipment has many applications
in the chemical industries.

Carbon and Graphite

Heat exchanger tubes

carbon graphite vane for vacuum pump

GLASS AND GLASSED STEEL

Glass-lined stainless steel pipe

Glass-lined reactor

Karakteristik glass-lined equipment:

Tahan terhadap kondisi asam dan basa panas.
Cocok untuk kondisi dengan level kontaminasi yang tinggi.
Corrosion resistance.
Tidak tahan terhadap thermal shock (rapuh)

STONEWARE AND PORCELAIN

Materials of stoneware and porcelain are about as resistant to acids and
chemicals as glass, but with the advantage of greater strength. This is
offset somewhat by poor thermal conductivity and susceptibility to
damage by thermal shock. Porcelain enamels are used to coat steel, but
the enamel has slightly inferior chemical resistance.
Campuran Ca, Si, Al (Penyusun Tulang)
Lapisan luar gigi
96% Hydroxyapatite

BRICK AND CEMENT MATERIAL

Brick-lined construction can be used for many severely corrosive

conditions, where high alloys would fail.

Acid proof refractories can be used up to 900C.

A number of cement materials are used with brick. Standard are

phenolic and furane resins, polyesters, sulfur, silicate, and epoxybased materials.

Phenolic resins based corrosion proof cement, and is one of the resin based
chemical setting cement. Exhibits excellent resistance to sulphuric acid, in
concentrations as high as 92% and is principally used with acid proof brick to
construct corrosion proof masonry sheathing to protect reaction vessels,
storage tanks, pickling tanks and processing tanks and equipment. It is also
used in the installation of corrosion proof floors.
Polyesters and furanes are good against non-oxidizing acids, salts, and solvents.
Silica-filled resins should not be used against hydrofluoric or fluorosilicic acids.
Sulfur-based cements are limited to 95C while resins can be used to about
175C.
The sodium silicate based cements are good against acids to 400C.

Nucerite

ceramic-metal composite made in a similar manner

to glassed steel and resists corrosive hydrogenchloride gas, chlorine, or sulfur dioxide at 650C.
Its impact strength is 18 times that of safety glass
and the abrasion resistance is superior to porcelain
enamel.

SELECTION OF MATERIALS
1. Preliminary selection
Experience, manufacturers data, special literature, general literature, availability, safety
aspects, preliminary laboratory tests
2. Laboratory testing
Reevaluation of apparently suitable materials under process conditions
3. Interpretation of laboratory results and other data
Effect of possible impurities, excess temperature, excess pressure, agitation, and presence
of air in equipment
Avoidance of electrolysis
Fabrication method
4. Economic comparison of apparently suitable materials
Material and maintenance cost, probable life, cost of product degradation, liability to
special hazards
5. Final selection