Sinterability of Strontium

Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics and Its

Mechanical Properties
MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ BIN AZIZOL
2014464844

Project Background
Flaws of pure
hydroxyapatit
e

- Low fracture
toughness
- Lacks strength

How we
plan to
counter the
issue

- Dope strontium
with
hydroxyapatite

Methods in
testing the
result

- Vickers Hardness
Test
- Fracture Toughness
Test

Problem Statement
Even

though artificial bone have been

around for a while, ensuring the
reliability of the material have been an
issue since pure hydroxyapatite tends to
be weak in structural strength since the
microstructure of the material is rather
porous. This leads to unreliable source of
artificial bone.

Objectives And Expected Results

Objectives:

To study the effect of sintering temperature of 1000 , 1100 and 1200 C on

strontium hydroxyapatite dense bodies.

To identify and characterize the SrHa dense bodies through the use of X-Ray
Diffractometer(XRD) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM)

To use Vickers Hardness Test as well as Fracture Toughness Test to evaluate

the mechanical properties of the produced SrHA dense bodies.

Expected results:

Able to produce dense strontium hydroxyapatite.

Able to characterize every concentration of strontium hydroxyapatite sintered

at 1000C, 1100C and 1200C of sintering temperature.

Able to record the data of mechanical properties of every concentration of

magnesium hydroxyapatite sintered at 1000C, 1100C and 1200C of
sintering temperature.

Scope Of Work

The experiment is intended to be a mean of identifying the

sinter temperature of Strontium Hydroxyapatite. The scope of
focus is the variant in the sintering temperature of Strontium
Hydroxyapatite of 0%, 10% and 15% concentration and how it
relates to mechanical properties of each concentration. Scope :

Use wet precipitation method to produce SrHA nanopowders of 0%,10%

and 15 mol% strontium.

Sinter the SrHa dense bodies at 1000C,1100C and 1200C.

Observe the microstructure of the pellets using ESEM and XRD

Test the mechanical properties through Vickers hardness test and

fracture toughness test.

Identify the optimum sintering temperature.

Project Methodology (Equipment)

Every equipment have to be able to give our consistent

performance otherwise the variable will cause inaccurate results.

Critical Equipment

High
Temperature
Furnace

Hot Plate
With
Magnetic
Stirrer

Project Methodology (Materials)

Calcium
oxide

Ammonium dihydrogen
phosphate

Strontium
nitrate

Project Methodology

Project Methodology
Two methods of characterization.
Destructive and non destructive
test.

Destructive

- Vickers
Hardness
Test
- Fracture
Toughne
ss Test

Non - Destructive

-XRD
-ESEM

What Is Biomaterial?
What is
it?

material that is
non-expanding

How can it made both naturally and

be made? synthesized artificially

The
applications?

What makes
it special?

application in medicine
covers from the smaller part
of human body such as a
valve of a heart up to larger
parts such as a bone
implants.

Biocompatibility

Calcium Phosphate
primary form of
calcium

What?

Types?

1.
2.
3.
4.

Hydroxyapatite
-TCP
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate
Calcium deficient apatite

-treat calcium deficiency

Application
-bone treatment

Hydroxyapatite?

What is it?

A form of calcium phosphate with Ca/P ratio of 1.67

What
made it
special?

bioactive ceramics with application in the

medical field as a material for hard tissue
replacement

How is
the
strength?

brittle in nature and have low mechanical

strength

Methods to produce HA
Most Common Methods

Wet
Precipitatio
n

Formation of
nanopowders
with one stage of
the process
being in liquid
state

Hydrothermal
synthesis
ofsingle
crystalsthat
depends on the
solubility of
minerals in hot
water under high
pressure.

Preliminary Outcome
Current Status

The Strontium Hydroxyapatite nanopowders have been produced and

prepared to be compacted in order to produce dense strontium
hydroxyapatite.

Preliminary Outcome
Expected Outcome

1. Produce strontium hydroxyapatite dense

bioceramics
2. Have the dense bioceramics tested
- XRD
- ESEM
- Vickers Hardness
- Fracture Toughness
3. Characterize the dense bodies.

Gantt Chart (Actual)

SINTERABILITY OF STRONTIUM HYDROXYAPATITE BIOCERAMICS AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

2016

2017

Sept

October

November

December

January

February

March

April

May

June

ProjectActivities
1
Find the supervisor and choose the topic
Registration of FYP 1 title
Discussion of problem statement and objectives
Discussion of the scope of project
Discussion of literature review
Discussion of methodology

Discussion of the expected result and writing of project summary

Review the proposal with supervisor

Submission of the proposal to panels
Preparation of the FYP 1 presentation
FYP 1 presentation
Completion of logbook and report FYP 1
Submission of logbook and report
Further research on sintering parameters
Fabrication of strontium hydroxyapatite dense bodies
Characterize dense bodies through XRD and ESEM
Test the mechanical properties of dense bodies
Result completed
Completion of logbook and report FYP 2
Submission of logbook and report FYP 2

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Gantt Chart
SINTERABILITY OF STRONTIUM HYDROXYAPATITE BIOCERAMICS AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

ProjectActivities

Find the supervisor and choose the topic

Registration of FYP 1 title
Discussion of problem statement and objectives
Discussion of the scope of project
Discussion of literature review
Discussion of methodology
Discussion of the expected result and writing of project
summary
Review the proposal with supervisor
Submission of the proposal to panels
Preparation of the FYP 1 presentation
FYP 1 presentation
Completion of logbook and report FYP 1
Submission of logbook and report
Further research on sintering parameters
Fabrication of strontium hydroxyapatite dense bodies
Characterize dense bodies through XRD and ESEM
Test the mechanical properties of dense bodies
Result completed
Completion of logbook and report FYP 2
Submission of logbook and report FYP 2

2016

2017

Sept
1

October
2

November
5

December
9

10

11

12

January
13

14

15

16

February
17

18

19

20

March
1

April
4

May
8

10

11

June
12

13

14

15

16

17

18