SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, AGI, JAIPUR

ADVANCED BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
TV TOWERS
Submitted To :
Ar. Gaurav Mathur (Associate
Professor)
(H.O.D.)

Submitted By :
Komal Khatri
B. Arch. IX Sem. V

INTRODUCTION

T.V. towers are, typically, tall structures designed to support

antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting,
including television.
They are among the tallest man-made structures.
Similar structures include electricity pylons and towers for
wind turbines.
STRUCTURE
TYPE
These are sometimes named after the broadcasting
organizations
Guyed Towers that use them, or after a nearby city or town.
The
Warsawtowers
Radio Mast (Warszawa radio mast) was the
Self support
GUYED TOWERS
world's
tallest
supported structure on land, but it collapsed
Monopole structures
in 1991, leaving the KVLY/KTHI-TV mast as the tallest.
Guyed towers are generally the least
In the case of a mast radiator or radiating tower, the whole
costly .
mast or tower is itself the transmitting antenna.
They also require the greatest
Typical tower heights will vary between 100 and 250 feet.
amount of land to erect due to the
area needed for the cable guy wire
stays.
As a result, guyed towers are most
often seen in rural or suburban

SELF SUPPORTING TOWER

Self-supporting towers tend to be the
most expensive towers to erect.
They can be constructed with either
three or four legs and are free
standing with a lattice frame design.
These towers are generally the
strongest and can support the largest
wind and ice loads of the three tower
types.
100 300 heights
MONOPOLE
TOWER
Flexibility
for Mounting
Accommodate Multiple Tenants
These towers are free standing and
are
most SELF
commonly
used in
cellular
LATTICE
SUPPORTING
TOWER
is
and
personal
communication
service
ideally
suited for
light to medium-duty
(PCS)
applications.
cellular
applications, microwave links,
and
Theyselfare
typically
of
supporting
FM constructed
radio antennas.
different
diameter
steel range
sections
Wind speed
capacities
up either
to 90

ADVANTAGES
Less installation time& cost
Occupies less floor space
Maintenance free
Long life because of galvanization
Strong because of aerodynamic
USES
construction
It is aesthetic and elegant
Monopoles/high masts can be used for:
Telecommunication
Less time taking in Towers
time of repairs and
renewals
Transmission line towers
Highway
and junction
Shorter delivery
periodlighting
Yard lighting
Parking lots lighting
SITE PREPARATION
Airport, Railway, seaports and yard
lighting
Erosionplants
control
Power
lighting
Stadium
yard lighting
Clearing/grabbing

MATERIALS
STEEL LATTICE
The steel lattice is the most widespread
form of construction.
It provides great strength, low wind
resistance and economy in the use of
materials.
Such structures are usually triangular
or square in cross-section.
When built as a tower, the structure
may be parallel-sided or taper over part
or all of its height.
When constructed of several sections
which taper exponentially with height,
in the manner of the Eiffel Tower, the
tower is said to be an Eiffelized one.
The Crystal Palace tower in London is
an example.

FIBERGLASS
Fiberglass poles are occasionally used for low-power nondirectional beacons or medium-wave broadcast transmitters.
REINFORCED CONCRETE
Reinforced concrete towers are relatively expensive to build
provide a high degree of mechanical rigidity in strong winds.
This can be important when antennas with narrow beam
widths are used, such as those used for microwave point-topoint links, and when the structure is to be occupied by
people.
In Germany and the Netherlands most towers are built of
reinforced concrete.
Concrete towers can form prestigious landmarks, such as
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
the CN Tower in Toronto.
As well as accommodating technical staff, these buildings
ECONOMIC
AESTHETIC
may have AND
public
areas CONSIDERATIONS
such as observation decks or
restaurants.
The cost of a tower is roughly proportional to the square of
its Stuttgart
height. TV tower was the first tower in the world to be
The
built
A guyed
mast isconcrete.
cheaper Ittowas
build
than a inself-supporting
in reinforced
designed
1956 by the
tower
equivalent
height.
local
civilof
engineer,
Fritz
Leonhardt.
A guyed mast needs additional land to accommodate the
guys, and is thus best suited to rural locations where land

ACCESS FOR RIGGERS

Because masts, towers and the antennas
mounted on them require maintenance,
access to the whole of the structure is
necessary.
Small structures are typically accessed with
a ladder.
Larger structures, which tend to require
more frequent maintenance, may have
stairs and sometimes a lift.
AIRCRAFT WARNING LAMPS
Taller structures are often equipped with
lamps, usually red in colour, to warn pilots of
the structure's existence.
In the past, ruggedized and under-run
filament lamps were used to maximise the
bulb life. Nowadays such lamps tend to use
SAFETY HOOPS
LED arrays.
Available galvanized and Red/White
WIND-INDUCED OSCILLATIONS
painted
One problem with radio masts is the danger

hardware provided
of
wind-induced
oscillations.
This Assembly
is
particularly a concern with steel tube