Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ions
on
Radica
Module 14 Topic 2
Table of Contents
Slides 3-5: Adding and Subtracting
Slide 5: Simplifying
Slides 7-10: Examples
Slides 11-14: Multiplying
Slides 15-16: Conjugates
Slides 17-19: Dividing
Slides 20-22: Rationalizing the
Denominator
Slides 23-28: Practice Problems
Audio/Video and Interactive Sites
Slide 7: Gizmo
Slide 25: Interactive
Addition and
Subtraction
Adding and Subtracting radicals
is similar to adding and
subtracting polynomials.
3x 2 x 5 x
2 5 3 5 5 5
4 5 3 125
4 5 35 5
4 5 15 5
19 5
Recall:
Simplifying Radicals
Divide the
number under
the radical.
If all numbers
are not prime,
continue
Find
pairs, for
dividing.
a square root,
under the
radical and
Multiply
pull themthe
out.
items you
pulled out by
anything in
front of the
radical sign.
Multiply
anything left
under the
radical .
8 99 x5 y 3 z 2
8 9 11 x x x x x y y y z z
8 3 3 11 x x x x x y y y z z
8 3 3 11 x x x x x y y y z z
3
8 3 x x y z 11xy
It is
done!
24 x 2 yz 11xy
Simplify: 3 12
*These are not like terms, however the 12 can be
simplified.
12 2 2 3 4 3 2 3
3 12
32 3
3 3
Gizmo:
Operations
with
Radicals
Example: 6 2 6
Example: 4 7 8 63
3 6
4 7 8(3 7 )
4 7 24 7
28 7
63 3 7
Example: 2 4 2 x 6 4 2 x 84 2 x
3
3
3
3
Example: 4 3 x 5 10 x 4 3x 5 10 x
The expression is
P = 2L + 2W)
P 2( 13 ) 2(7 13 )
P 2 13 14 13
P 16 13
Multiplying Radicals
To multiply radicals, consider
3
the
9 4following:
3 2 6
8 3 64 2 4 8
and
and
9 4 36 6
8 64 3 512 8
a n b n ab
Multiplying Radicals
You can simplify the product of two
radicals by writing
them as one radical then simplifying.
Here is an example of how you can use
this
3
3
7 6 x 7 x8
7 x 7 3 6 x8
3 42x15
Multiplication property to simplify a
radical expression.
3
Example:
7 2 3 x5 x5 x5
x 5 3 42
3
Example: 15 x y 15 xy
225 x 4 y 2
15 15 x 2 x 2 y 2
15 x 2 y
Example: Multiply7 x ( x 7 7 )
*Recall that to multiply
polynomials you need to
use the Distributive
Property.
7x ( x 7 7)
7 x 2 7 49 x
x 7 77 x
x 7 49 x
(a + b)(c d)
=a(c d) +
b(c d)
=ac ad + bc
- bd
1
x2
1
x3
1
x4
1
x7
Ex.
x x x
x 7 x
1)
5
2)
4
x5
1
x4
1
x2
1
x7
4 1
5 4
1 1
2 7
11
x 20
9
x 14
Conjugates
Example
:
( 6 2 )( 6 2 )
6( 6 2) 2( 6 2)
36 12 12 4
36 4
Distribute
(2 ways to do
so)
6( 6) 6( 2) 2( 6) 2( 2)
36 12 12 4
36 4
62
62
Notice that just like a difference of two squares, the middle terms
cancel out.
We call these conjugate pairs.
a b is a b
The conjugate of
Dividing Radicals
To divide radicals, consider
3
16
4
64 4
the following:
2
2
4
2
and
16
16
42
4
4
2
and
64 3 64 3
82
3
8
8
Dividing Radical
n
Expressions
a
a
n
Dividing Radicals
You can simplify the quotient of
two radicals by
writing them as one radical then
simplifying.
90 x18
17
90 x18
2x
Example:
2x
45x
3 3 5 x8 x8 x
3 x 8 5x
Dividing Radicals
Example:6 x 8 y 9
5x2 y 4
6x6 y5 x3 y 2 6 y
5
5
2
7
2
14
14
2
2
2
4
9
3
11
9 3 11 11 3 1089
3
3
11
11 11 11
3
3 6
3 6
3 6
3 6
9 18 18 36
9 18 18 36
3 2 18 6
9 36
3 2(3 3 )
36
36 3
1 2 3
3
Be sure to
enclose
expressions with
multiple terms
in ( ). This
will help you to
remember to FOIL
these
expressions.
Always reduce
the root index
(numbers outside
radical) to the
simplest form
Application/Critical
A. Find a Thinking
radical expression
4 3 12 8 3 12 12 3
Hint: In a
right
triangle, the
longest side
is the
hypotenuse of
the triangle.
1
Area bh
2
A (4 3 )(12)
A 48 3
8 3 13.86
This is longer
than 12, so 12
is a leg.
Application/Critical
Thinking
The areas
of two circles are
B.
15 square cm and 20 square cm.
Find the exact ratio of the
radius of the smaller circle to
theFind
radius
the
larger
the radiusof
of each
first
. . . A = r2
circle.
Smaller
Circle
15 r 2
r
15
11
Larger
Circle
20 r 2
20
r
11
15
11 15 3 3
20
4
2
20
11
Practice Problems
9 9
Not real
3x 3 2 5x
3 x 2 3x 5 x
3 x 2 15 x
3 x 2 x 15
46 x12 14 x9
46 x12 14 x9
4
644 x 21
4
4 161 x16 x5
4
2 2 7 23 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x5
4
x 4 644 x5
16
81
16
81
48
48
8
64
128
100
27
222222
4
2255
2 4
4
100
24 4
4
100
24 400
100
22 5
10
4 5
10
2 5
5
100
100
2222222
3
24 8
9 12 11 12
4 7
3 3
99 9 12 11 12 12
111 20 12
4 7
3 3
3 3
3 3
(4 7 )(3 3 )
(3 3 )(3 3 )
111 20 4 3
111 40 3
16 8
12 4 3 3 7 21
93 3 3 3 9
12 4 3 3 7 21
6
5 8
16 8
5 8
5 8
5 8
(16 8 )(5 8 )
(5 8 )(5 8 )
80 16 8 5 8 8
25 5 8 5 8 8
72 11 8
17
w10
36
w5 w5
66
w5
125
1 1 1
t
5 5 5
3
2
x3
1
x6
2 1
3 6
5
x6
1
m5
1
m8
x
x
1 1
5 8
8 5
40
40
3
x 40
40 3