DNA

Structure and
Replication
Part 1 - DNA

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA contains all the
instructions for all the
traits of a living organism.

Images: MSOffice Powerpoint

DNA

DNA is found in the nucleus

of a cell.
DNA makes up the
chromosomes.
Humans have 23 pairs of
chromosomes in the
nucleus of each cell.
http://www.yorku.ca/kdenning/images/1-3-4-6-0-0-0-0-0-0-

Genes

A gene is a small segment

of DNA.
Genes have the
instructions for all the
traits in an organism.
Genes code for such
traits as eye color, hair
type, skin color, height,

Images: MSOffice Powerpoint

Lets
label!

http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/images/ch1_dnagenes.jpg

Discovery of DNA
Several
scientists are
given credit
with the
discovery of
DNA.
James Watson
and Francis

http://virtuallaboratory.colorado.edu/Biofundamentals/labs/WhatisS
cience/graphics/franklin.jpg

DNA
Structure and
Replication
Part 2Structure

Structure of DNA
DNA resembles a
twisted ladder
DNA is made up of
many nucleotides.

Structure of DNA

http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/DNA-

Nucleotides
Nucleotides will only join in very
specific ways.
This is similar to a jigsaw puzzle.
Only certain pieces fit together.
Adenine (A) only bonds with
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C) only bonds with
Guanine (G)

 When
DNA is
untwisted
, it looks
much like
a ladder.
Image courtesy of Jennifer

http://www.woisd.net/moodle/file.php/6/assets/images/ks4/dna.gif

Making more DNA

During mitosis and
meiosis (cell division)
DNA gets copied
before a cell divides.
Notice in the picture
that the left side of
the DNA molecule is
identical to the
right side.

http://scn1ddna.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/trans9

DNA
Structure and
Replication
Part 3Replication

Replication
DNA replication is a
process that copies the
DNA in the nucleus of a
cell before it divides.
This is so each new cell
will have a complete set
of DNA.

Replication
Replication happens
during mitosis and
meiosis.
Replication makes sure
that every new cell will
have instructions for how
to work.

The steps of DNA

Replication
1.DNA molecule
unzips by
breaking the
bonds that
hold the bases
(A,T,C,G)
together.

http://scn1ddna.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/replication

The steps of DNA

Replication

2. New
bases
(shown in
blue below)
are added to
each strand

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The steps of DNA

Replication

3. Notice
that the
two new
strands
are

http://scn1ddna.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/replication

http://www.woisd.net/moodle/file.php/6/assets/images/ks4/dnac

You practice!
Which bases would match the
following DNA strand during DNA
Replication?

G C A T A T G G T C
A
Hint:
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

The Answer!
Which bases would match the
following DNA strand during DNA
Replication?

G C A T A T G G T C
A
Hint:
C G T A T A C C A
G T