Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Gases, Liquids,
and Solids
Chapter 7
Table of Contents
7.1 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
7.2Kinetic Molecular Theory and Physical States
7.3 Gas Law Variables
7.4 Boyles Law: A Pressure-Volume Relationship
7.5 Charless Law: A Temperature-Volume Relationship
7.6 The Combined Gas Law
7.7 The Ideal Gas Law
7.8 Daltons Law of Partial Pressures
7.9 Changes of State
7.1 0 Evaporation of Liquids
7.1 1 Vapor Pressure of Liquids
7.1 2 Boiling and Boiling Point
7.1 3 Intermolecular Forces in Liquids
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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Section 7.1
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1 0
Section 7.1
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1 1
Section 7.1
1 2
Section 7.2
1 3
Section 7.2
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1 4
Section 7.2
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1 5
Section 7.2
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1 6
Section 7.2
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1 7
Section 7.2
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1 8
Section 7.2
1 9
Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
25
Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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Section 7.2
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3 0
Section 7.3
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3 1
Section 7.3
force
Pr essure =
area
1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr
1 atm = 1 4.7 psi
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3 2
Section 7.3
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3 3
Section 7.3
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3 4
Section 7.3
Barometer
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3 5
Section 7.4
P1 V1 = P2 V2
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3 6
Section 7.4
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3 7
Section 7.4
P1 V1 = P2 V2
(0.956 atm)(1 2.4 L) = (1 .20 atm)(V2 )
V2 = 9.88 L
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3 8
Section 7.5
V1 V2
=
T1 T2
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3 9
Section 7.5
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Section 7.5
V1 V2
=
T1 T2
V2
1 .3 0 L
=
24.7 + 273 78.5 + 273
V2 = 0.849 L
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Section 7.6
P1 V1 P2 V2
=
T1
T2
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Section 7.6
1 .05 atm 1 21 mL
27+273
T2 = 969 K 273
T2 = 696C
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43
Section 7.7
PV = nRT
(where R = 0.0821 Latm/molK`
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Section 7.7
45
Section 7.7
n = 1 1 4 atm
(P)(3 04.0 L) =
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46
Section 7.8
PTotal = P1 + P2 + P3 + . . .
The total pressure exerted by a mixture of
gases is the sum of the partial pressures of
the individual gases present.
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47
Section 7.8
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48
Section 7.8
2.00 atm
9.00 L
3 .00 atm
3 .00 L
2.25 atm
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49
Section 7.9
Changes of State
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50
Section 7.9
Changes of State
Six Possible Changes of State
Freezing
Melting
Evaporation
Condensation
Sublimation
Deposition
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51
Section 7.9
Changes of State
Six Possible Changes of State
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52
Section 7.9
Changes of State
Two Categories
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Section 7.9
Changes of State
Two Categories
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54
Section 7.10
Evaporation of Liquids
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Section 7.10
Evaporation of Liquids
Rate of Evaporation
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Section 7.10
Evaporation of Liquids
Rate of Evaporation
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57
Section 7.11
58
Section 7.11
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Section 7.11
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Section 7.11
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Section 7.11
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Section 7.12
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Section 7.12
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Section 7.12
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Section 7.12
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Section 7.12
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
Dipole-dipole interactions
Hydrogen bonds
London forces
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Section 7.13
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71
Section 7.13
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
Between ClF Molecules
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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81
Section 7.13
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Section 7.13
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83
Section 7.13
H2O
Explain.
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84
Section 7.13
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85
Section 7.13
or
N2
Why?
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