What is PHYSICS?

Definition:
-is a branch of science that involves the study of
the physical world: energy, matter, and how they
are related.
-rely on theories and experiments with
numerical results to support conclusions.

MATHEMATICS IN SCIENCE

Objectives
1. To give concrete examples on how
mathematics play an important role in our
everyday life
2. To solve problems involving the SI unit of
measurement and Scientific Notations
3. To become familiar with the different tools
used for measurement

 SI =Systeme International dUnites.

based on the metric system of measurement
that was developed by France.
ideal because it is a decimal system.
Simple relations exist between units and
equivalents and they are expressed in
multiples of 10.
SI is consist of a set of units together with a
set of prefixes.

SEVEN SI BASE UNITS

Quantity

Name

Symbol

Mass

kilogram

kg

Time

second

Length

meter

Electrical current

ampere

Temperature

kelvin

Amount of substance

mole

mol

Luminous intensity

candela

cd

TABLE OF PREFIXES USED IN SI

UNITS
Prefix Abbreviatio
n
Mega
Kilo
Hekto
Deka
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
nano

M
K
H
da
d
c
m

Exponential
expression

Decimal
Expression

106
103
102
101
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-6
10-9

1,000,000
1,000
100
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.000001
0.000000001

English system
1 in
1 ft
1 yrd
1 mi
1 ml

= 2.54 cm
= 0.3 m
= 0.91 m
= 1.61 km
= 1cm3

1 liq quart
1 dry quart
1 gal

= 0.95 L
= 1.10 L
= 3.80 L

1oz
1lbs

= 28.35 g
= 0.45 kg

Conversion of units
Conversion Factor must always be equal to 1
how many meters can be found in 5
kilometers?
5km
1

103m
1km

= 5000m

Significant Figures
Definition:
-the valid digits in a measurement.
To avoid ambiguity in the number of significant
figures, such number should be written in
exponential notation
730 (3 significant figures) 7.30X102
760 (2 significant figures) 7.6X102
16,000 (3 significant figures) 1.60x104

ROUNDING OFF RULES

1. When the number dropped is less than 5, the
preceding number remains unchanged. Thus, 1.874
rounded off to 1.87 and 0.056452 is rounded off to
0.05645.
2. When the number dropped is more than 5, 1 is
added to the preceding number. Thus, 4.7438 is
rounded off to 4.744 and 0.0526 is rounded off to 0.053.
3. When the number dropped is exactly 5, if the
preceding number is even, it remains unchanged;
if the preceding number is odd, 1 is added to it.
Thus, 7.245 is rounded off to 7.24 and 13.7735 is
rounded off to 13.774.

Rounding off for Addition and Subtraction

The answers should be rounded off so as to
contain the same number of decimal places as in
the number with the least decimal places.

Rounding off for Multiplication and Division

The answer should be rounded off as to contain only
as many as significant figures as in the number with
the least number of significant figures.

Scientific Method

Observation

Do
experiments

Create
models/theor
ies

Scientific Method
Hypothesis -is an educated guess
about how variables are related
Model -can be material, visual,
mathematical, or computational
and are often used in the
construction of scientific theories.
Scientific Law -is a rule of nature
that sums up related observations
to describe a pattern in nature.
Scientific Theory -is an
explanation based on many
observations supported by
experimental results. Theories may
serve as explanations for laws.

MEASUREMENTS
A measurement is a
comparison between an
unknown quantity and a
standard.

PRECISION vs ACCURACY

Precision - the
degree of
exactness of a
measurement

Accuracy describes how

well the results
of a
measurement
agree with
the real value

Techniques in Good Measurement

Scales should be read with ones eye
directly above the measure

parallax

GRAPHING DATA

independent
variable is the
factor that is
changed or
manipulated
during the
experiment.

dependent
variable is the
factor
that depends
on the
independent
variable

GRAPHING DATA

Line of best fit Is the line drawn as

close to
all the data points as
possible

GRAPHING DATA

PREDICTING VALUES