Theriogenology

Topic- Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

Figure 1. Sagitatal image of a canine ovarian remnan
t, (cursors) illustrating the distal edge enhanced a
rtefact streaming off the cranial border of the remn
ant. Reproduced with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Figure 2a and b. Saggital (a) and transverse (b) im
ages of an abnormal (enlarged, echogenic) uterine s
tump (UT stump, cursors) seen caudal to the urinary
bladder (UB) and ventral to the colon. Reproduced
with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Figure 3. Sagittal image of a normal left adrenal gl
and (cursors at caudal pole). Reproduced with permis
sion of Tomas W. Baker.
Figure 4. Enlarged cranial pole of the left adrenal
gland (cursors); a likely adrenal adenoma or hyperpl
asia. Reproduced with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Topic Premature Labor
Figure 1. Normal approximately 30 day fetus, sagitt
al image with recognizable morphology. Reproduced w
ith permission of Tomas W. Baker.

Figure 2. Fetal death. Two vesicles containing non-v

iable foetuses; the more ventral fetus is reabsorbed
. Over time, fetal demise results in loss of recogni
zable fetal anatomy and loss of normal vesicle fluid
, content and shape. Reproduced with permission of T
omas W. Baker.
Topic Pyometra
Figure 1. Lateral abdominal radiograph image of a fl
uid filled uterus. Source: Monnet 2012, figure 60.3.
Reproduced with permission of Wiley-Blackwell.
Figure 2. Ultrasonographic image of the caudal abdom
en of a bitch with pyometra. Note the fluid filled u
terus and thickened uterine wall with evidence of cy
stic changes. Source: Monnet 2012, figure 60.2. Repr
oduced with permission of Wiley-Blackwell.
Figure 3. An opened uterine horn from a bitch with p
yometra. Note the grossly visible cystic endometrial
changes in the uterine wall. Source: Monnet 2012, f
igure 60.1. Reproduced with permission of Wiley-Blac
kwell.
Figure 4. Intraoperative image of an enlarged, fluid
filled and friable uterine horns in a bitch with pyom
etra. Source: Monnet 2012, figure 60.4. Reproduced w
ith permission of Wiley-Blackwell.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology
Topic-Abortion, Spontaneous (Early
Pregnancy Loss) Dogs
Figure 1. Vaginal cytology from a dog with purulent
vulvar discharge.
Figure 2. Endoscopy of canine cervix with purulent
contents.

Figure 8. Vaginal cytologyday 1 of diestrus.

Figure 9. Schematic depiction of canine estrus.
Figure 10. Schematic depiction of initial rise in
progesterone.

Figure 3. Slide test for canine brucellosis (Beverly

Purswell).
Figure 4. Doppler ultrasonography of canine fetal hea
rt.
Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 1. Obtaining a vaginal cytology sample.
Figure 2. Cornification index and vaginal cytology.
Figure 3. Typical vaginal cytology sample during mid
proestrus.
Figure 4. Typical vaginal cytology sample during mid
proestrus.
Figure 5. Atypical vaginal cytology during mid-estrus.
Figure 6. Vaginal cytology from dog in late estrus.
Figure 7. Vaginal cytologyday 1 of diestrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology
Topic-Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial
Hyperplasia
Figure 1. Gross appearance of the uterus in a dog w
ith pyometra.
Figure 2. Cytology of vaginal discharge with pyometr
a.
Figure 3. Lateral radiograph of a dog with pyometra.
Figure 4. Ventral dorsal radiograph of a dog with
pyometra.
Figure 5. Sonogram of the uterus in a dog with
pyometra.

Topic-Sexual Development Disorders

Figure 1. Clitoral enlargement in a dog with XX sex
reversal.
Topic-Uterine Inertia
Figure 1: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: good
contraction pattern. Courtesy of Karen Copley,
Veterinary Perinatal Specialities Inc.
Figure 2. Same bitch, onset of inertia. Notice the
decrease in length and strength in the contraction
pattern. Courtesy of Karen Copley, Veterinary Perinata
l Specialities Inc.
Topic-Vaginal Discharge
Figure 1. Vaginal discharge in a dog.
Figure 2. Inflammation of the perivulvar region that
can be confused with a vaginal discharge. Source:
Louisiana State University Dermatology Service
Figure 3. Vaginal swelling at estrus may be a source
of normal vaginal discharge.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic- Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

Figure 1. Sagitatal image of a canine ovarian remnant, (cursors) illustrating the distal edge
enhanced artefact streaming off the cranial border of the remnant. Reproduced with
permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

(a)

(b)

Topic- Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

Figure 2ab. Saggital (a) and transverse (b) images of an abnormal (enlarged, echogenic) uterine
stump (UT stump, cursors) seen caudal to the urinary bladder (UB) and ventral to the colon.
Reproduced with permission of Tomas W. Baker.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic- Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

Figure 3. Sagittal image of a normal left adrenal gland (cursors at caudal pole). Reproduced
with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic- Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

Figure 4. Enlarged cranial pole of the left adrenal gland (cursors); a likely adrenal adenoma
or hyperplasia. Reproduced with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic Premature Labor

Figure 1. Normal approximately 30 day fetus, sagittal image with recognizable morphology.
Reproduced with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic Premature Labor

Figure 2. Fetal death. Two vesicles containing non-viable foetuses; the more ventral fetus is
reabsorbed. Over time, fetal demise results in loss of recognizable fetal anatomy and loss of
normal vesicle fluid, content and shape. Reproduced with permission of Tomas W. Baker.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic Pyometra
Figure 1. Lateral abdominal radiograph image of a fluid filled uterus. Source: Monnet 2012,
figure 60.3. Reproduced with permission of Wiley-Blackwell.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic Pyometra
Figure 2. Ultrasonographic image of the caudal abdomen of a bitch with pyometra. Note the
fluid filled uterus and thickened uterine wall with evidence of cystic changes. Source:
Monnet 2012, figure 60.2. Reproduced with permission of Wiley-Blackwell.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic Pyometra
Figure 3. An opened uterine horn from a bitch with pyometra. Note the grossly visible cystic
endometrial changes in the uterine wall. Source: Monnet 2012, figure 60.1. Reproduced with
permission of Wiley-Blackwell.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic Pyometra
Figure 4. Intraoperative image of an enlarged, fluid filled and friable uterine horns in a bitch
with pyometra. Source: Monnet 2012, figure 60.4. Reproduced with permission of WileyBlackwell.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Abortion, Spontaneous (Early Pregnancy Loss) - Dogs

Figure 1. Vaginal cytology from a dog with purulent vulvar discharge.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Abortion, Spontaneous (Early Pregnancy Loss) - Dogs

Figure 2. Endoscopy of canine cervix with purulent contents.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Abortion, Spontaneous (Early Pregnancy Loss) - Dogs

Figure 3. Slide test for canine brucellosis (Beverly Purswell).

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Abortion, Spontaneous (Early Pregnancy Loss) - Dogs

Figure 4. Doppler ultrasonography of canine fetal heart.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 1. Obtaining a vaginal cytology sample.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 2. Cornification index and vaginal cytology.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 3. Typical vaginal cytology sample during mid-proestrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 4. Typical vaginal cytology sample during mid-proestrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 5. Atypical vaginal cytology during mid-estrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 6. Vaginal cytology from dog in late estrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 7. Vaginal cytologyday 1 of diestrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 8. Vaginal cytologyday 1 of diestrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 9. Schematic depiction of canine estrus.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Breeding, Timing
Figure 10. Schematic depiction of initial rise in progesterone.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia

Figure 1. Gross appearance of the uterus in a dog with pyometra.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia

Figure 2. Cytology of vaginal discharge with pyometra.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia

Figure 3. Lateral radiograph of a dog with pyometra.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia

Figure 4. Ventral dorsal radiograph of a dog with pyometra.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia

Figure 5. Sonogram of the uterus in a dog with pyometra.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Sexual Development Disorders

Figure 1. Clitoral enlargement in a dog with XX sex reversal.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Uterine Inertia
Figure 1: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: good contraction pattern.
Courtesy of Karen Copley, Veterinary Perinatal Specialities Inc.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Uterine Inertia
Figure 2. Same bitch, onset of inertia. Notice the decrease in length and
strength in the contraction pattern. Courtesy of Karen Copley, Veterinary
Perinatal Specialities Inc.
Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition
Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Vaginal Discharge
Figure 1. Vaginal discharge in a dog.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Vaginal Discharge
Figure 2. Inflammation of the perivulvar region that can be confused with a
vaginal discharge. Source: Louisiana State University Dermatology Service.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Theriogenology

Topic-Vaginal Discharge
Figure 3. Vaginal swelling at estrus may be a source of normal vaginal
discharge.

Blackwells Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline, Sixth Edition

Edited by Larry Patrick Tilley and Francis W. K. Smith, Jr. 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.