AMOEBA

KELAS RHIZOPODA
PROTOZOA BERGERAK DG PSEUDOPODI (KAKI SEMU)

PATOGEN:
1. ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA,
2. MENINGOENCEPHALITIS AMOEBA (FREE-LIVING
AMOEBA)

TIDAK PATOGEN:
1. ENTAMOEBA COLI
2. E. GINGIVALIS
3. ENDOLIMAX NANA
4. IODAMOEBA BUTSCHLII
5. DIENTAMOEBA FRAGILIS

MORPHOLOGY TROPHOZOTES& CYSTS

Morphology
Entamoeba histolytica

DIFFERENTIATION
E.HISTOLYTICA VS E.COLI

E.histolytica vs E.coli
cysts

ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA
TROPHOZOITES

ENTAMOEBA COLI
TROPHOZOITE
.

CLINICAL SYMPTOMS
1.ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTION/CARRIER
2. SYMPTOMATIC INFECTION: AMOEBIASIS

AMOEBIASIS
INTESTINAL

EXTRAINTESTINAL

DIARRHEA/DYSENTERI
Liver abscces
ABDOMINAL PAIN
Pulmonary
CRAMPING
The extra foci
ANOREXIA
COLITIS (DYSENTERIC/NON DYSENTERIC)

LIFE CYCLE
ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA

AMOEBIASIS
Epidemiology
Prevalence : varies with level of sanitation
higher in tropics and subtropics than in temperate
climates.
Entamoeba histolytica is the second leading
cause of mortality due to parasitic disease in
humans. (The first being malaria).
Worldwide prevalence is about 10% to 50% WITH
50.000-100.000 DEATH/YEAR
Cyst passers (CARRIER):important source of
infection

TRANSMISSION
1.DIRECT CONTACT of person to person
( FECAL-ORAL)
2- VENEREAL TRANSMISSION among
homosexual males( ORAL-ANAL )
3- FOOD & DRINK contaminated with feces
containing the E.hist. cyst
4- Use of human FECES fertilizer
5- contamination of foodstuffs by FLIES, and
possibly COCKROACHES

AMOEBIASIS
DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL SYMPTOM
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATON
IMMUNODIAGNOSIS
RADIOLOGIC (X RAY) EXAMINATION
(EXTRA INTESTINAL)

IMMUNODIAGNOSIS
1- Antibody detection
2- Antigen detection may be useful as an
adjunct to microscopic diagnosis
3- SEROLOGY(complement fixation test
(CFT), indirect hemagglutination (IHA),
Precipitin test)
4- Intradermal Test

TREATMENT

AMOEBIASIS
METRONIDAZOLE DRUG OF CHOICE
INTESTINAL AMOEBIASIS
ADULT, 3X750 MG/DAY FOR 10 DAYS
CHILDREN. 3X15 MG/KG BW FOR 10 DAYS
LIVER AMOEBIASIS: 1X1.5G-2.5G/DAY FOR 3
DAYS
OTHER DRUGS: TINIDAZOLE, ORNIDAZOLE,
NIMORAZOLE, SECNIDAZOLE

PREVENTION
FOOD/DRINKING WATER:COOKED WELL
PERSONAL HYGIENE
ENVIRONTMENTAL HYGIENE
VECTOR CONTROL:FLIES, COCKROACHES
LABORATORY WORKERS (PRIMATE FECES)

CARRIER : FIND &TREAT

FREE-LIVING
AMOEBA
(a). ACANTHAMOEBA : WARM BRACKISH WATER
(b). NAEGLERIA FOWLERI: WARM FRESH WATER
TROPH: 14-40 MICRON

CYST : 10-25 MICRON

CLINICAL INFECTION
MENINGOENCEPHALITIS
PHARYNGITIS, FEVER,HEADACHE

MENINGITIS DEATH
EYES & SYSTEMIC INFECTION
SKIN INFECTION

TREATMENT: AMPHOTERICIN B
PREVENTION: WARM WATER RECREATION
HYGIENE

ACANTHAMOEBA KERATITIS
.

NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
.

TERAPI & PENCEGAHAN

.
TREATMENT: AMPHOTERICIN B
PREVENTION:
WARM WATER RECREATION HYGIENE