Power Electronics

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya

Department of ECE
Indian Institute of Information Technology-Allahabad
Room No. 2221, CC-I
Telephone: 2131
Email: sitangshu@iiita.ac.in

Power Electronics

Contents:
o Introduction: Introduction to Power Electronics,
Overview and Applications of power devices.

o Inverters: Principle of operation of Inverters, Half

bridge, full bridge, three phase- six step

o Power semiconductor devices: Power diodes,

SCR: Device structure, Static characteristic,
dynamic characteristic,constraints of Turn on and
Turn off time, Power MOSFET, IGBT.

operation,voltage control, PWM techniques.

o Rectifiers: Diode rectifiers Applications: Power
Supplies, chemical process, Single phase Half

o Dc-Dc Converters: DC- DC Power Converters,

Limitations
of
Linear
Power
supplies
Switched Power Power supplies (Buck, BuckBoost, Boost, Cuk, Fly-back and Forward
Converters), Transfer function for these converters.

wave with R load, Single phase Half wave with R-L

load, Single phase Full bridge rectifier with DC link
capacitive filter, issue of harmonics, Three phase
Full bridge rectifier with DC link capacitive filter,
issue of harmonics.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Reading Materials:
a) Rashid M. H., Power Electronics Circuits
Devices and Applications, 3rd Ed., Pearson
Education.
b) P S Bimbhra, Power Electronics 2012

Power Electronics

Introduction
Modern power electronics is the application of semiconductor devices to the control and conversion
of electrical power.
The availability of solid state power switches such as the
thyristor and GTO,
BJT,
MOSFET and
IGBT power transistors,
has created a very rapid expansion in power electronic applications from relatively low power control
of domestic equipment to high power control of industrial processes and very high power flow control
along transmission lines.
Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
History:

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
History: IGBT, Professor B Jayant Bagila
Baliga grew up in Jalahalli, a small village near Bangalorefounding President
Indian branch of institutes of Radio engineers, which later became the IEEE in
India.received his B.Tech in EE from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras,
in 1969, and his MS (1971) and PhD (1974) in EE from the Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute. Now at North Carolina State University in 1988 as a Full Professor.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
A Power Electronic System

The power source could be three-phase, or single-phase, a.c. mains or it could be a portable supply
such as a d.c. battery.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
A Power Electronic System

A filter may be necessary to prevent any harmonics generated by the converter from being fed back
to the mains or from being radiated into space.
National and international standards for electromagnetic compatability (EMC) are now legally binding
on manufacturers of power electronic equipment.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
A Power Electronic System

The control circuit monitors the condition at the load, compares this with preset values and then
adjusts the converter drive as necessary.
The power conditioner is an arrangement of semiconductor devices all operating in the switching
mode. This means that the device is switched from cut-off to saturation ('off' to 'on') by the application
of gate, or base, drive pulses. The ideal switch would have full voltage across it when 'off', and zero
voltage across it when 'on'.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
A Power Electronic System

The power conditioner is an arrangement of semiconductor devices all operating in the switching
mode. This means that the device is switched from cut-off to saturation ('off' to 'on') by the application
of gate, or base, drive pulses. The ideal switch would have full voltage across it when 'off', and zero
voltage across it when 'on'.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Switching Characteristics

The practical switch departs from the ideal in the manner shown. In this case a thyristor has been
used as the switch, but a power transistor would have a similar switching characteristic.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Switching Characteristics

where VT is the voltage drop across the thyristor, VL is the load voltage, I is the circuit current and R
is the load resistance. Ideally when the switch is 'off', VT = Vs and VL = 0, and
when the switch is 'on', VT = 0 and VL = Vs.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Choice of Power Switches

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Power Conditioners

Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o a.c.-d.c, controlled rectifiers
The a.c. to d.c. controlled rectifier provides a variable d.c. load voltage from a fixed voltage and
frequency a.c. source. In the UK, the single-phase a.c. line to neutral voltage is nominally 240V,
50Hz. The three-phase a.c. line to line voltage is nominally 415 V, 50 Hz.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Power Conditioners

Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o d.c.-d.c, choppers
The d.c. to d.c. chopper provide variable d.c. load voltage from a fixed d.c. source voltage, typically a
battery.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Power Conditioners

Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o a.c.-a.c, controllers
The a.c. to a.c. controllers provide variable a.c. load voltage from a fixed a.c. source voltage at
constant frequency.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Power Conditioners

Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o d.c.-a.c, inverters
The d.c. to a.c. inverters produce a variable a.c. voltage and frequency from a fixed voltage d.c.
source.

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Introduction
Applications of Power Electronics

industrial processes in the chemical, paper and steel industries;

domestic and theatre lighting;
motor drives from food mixers and washing machines through to lifts and
locomotives such as Indian Railways, Eurostar, Amtrack, etc.';
power supplies for laboratories and uninterruptible power for vital loads;
generation and transmission control;
heating and ventilating of homes and office blocks.

Everywhere!

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017

Power Electronics

Inductive circuits

Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017