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Power Electronics
Contents:
o Introduction: Introduction to Power Electronics,
Overview and Applications of power devices.
Reading Materials:
a) Rashid M. H., Power Electronics Circuits
Devices and Applications, 3rd Ed., Pearson
Education.
b) P S Bimbhra, Power Electronics 2012
Power Electronics
Introduction
Modern power electronics is the application of semiconductor devices to the control and conversion
of electrical power.
The availability of solid state power switches such as the
thyristor and GTO,
BJT,
MOSFET and
IGBT power transistors,
has created a very rapid expansion in power electronic applications from relatively low power control
of domestic equipment to high power control of industrial processes and very high power flow control
along transmission lines.
Faculty-in-charge: Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya 2017
Power Electronics
Introduction
History:
Power Electronics
Introduction
History: IGBT, Professor B Jayant Bagila
Baliga grew up in Jalahalli, a small village near Bangalorefounding President
Indian branch of institutes of Radio engineers, which later became the IEEE in
India.received his B.Tech in EE from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras,
in 1969, and his MS (1971) and PhD (1974) in EE from the Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute. Now at North Carolina State University in 1988 as a Full Professor.
Power Electronics
Introduction
A Power Electronic System
The power source could be three-phase, or single-phase, a.c. mains or it could be a portable supply
such as a d.c. battery.
Power Electronics
Introduction
A Power Electronic System
A filter may be necessary to prevent any harmonics generated by the converter from being fed back
to the mains or from being radiated into space.
National and international standards for electromagnetic compatability (EMC) are now legally binding
on manufacturers of power electronic equipment.
Power Electronics
Introduction
A Power Electronic System
The control circuit monitors the condition at the load, compares this with preset values and then
adjusts the converter drive as necessary.
The power conditioner is an arrangement of semiconductor devices all operating in the switching
mode. This means that the device is switched from cut-off to saturation ('off' to 'on') by the application
of gate, or base, drive pulses. The ideal switch would have full voltage across it when 'off', and zero
voltage across it when 'on'.
Power Electronics
Introduction
A Power Electronic System
The power conditioner is an arrangement of semiconductor devices all operating in the switching
mode. This means that the device is switched from cut-off to saturation ('off' to 'on') by the application
of gate, or base, drive pulses. The ideal switch would have full voltage across it when 'off', and zero
voltage across it when 'on'.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Switching Characteristics
The practical switch departs from the ideal in the manner shown. In this case a thyristor has been
used as the switch, but a power transistor would have a similar switching characteristic.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Switching Characteristics
where VT is the voltage drop across the thyristor, VL is the load voltage, I is the circuit current and R
is the load resistance. Ideally when the switch is 'off', VT = Vs and VL = 0, and
when the switch is 'on', VT = 0 and VL = Vs.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Choice of Power Switches
Power Electronics
Introduction
Power Conditioners
Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o a.c.-d.c, controlled rectifiers
The a.c. to d.c. controlled rectifier provides a variable d.c. load voltage from a fixed voltage and
frequency a.c. source. In the UK, the single-phase a.c. line to neutral voltage is nominally 240V,
50Hz. The three-phase a.c. line to line voltage is nominally 415 V, 50 Hz.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Power Conditioners
Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o d.c.-d.c, choppers
The d.c. to d.c. chopper provide variable d.c. load voltage from a fixed d.c. source voltage, typically a
battery.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Power Conditioners
Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o a.c.-a.c, controllers
The a.c. to a.c. controllers provide variable a.c. load voltage from a fixed a.c. source voltage at
constant frequency.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Power Conditioners
Depending on the type of source and the type of load, the power conditioner, or converter, falls into
the following categories:
o d.c.-a.c, inverters
The d.c. to a.c. inverters produce a variable a.c. voltage and frequency from a fixed voltage d.c.
source.
Power Electronics
Introduction
Applications of Power Electronics
Everywhere!
Power Electronics
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