Software

Sheryl May C. Jagonia

Learning Objective
Define Software
Identify Software Components
Identify Different Computer
Languages

Topic 1

DEFINING SOFTWARE

SOFTWARE

Differentiate a 32-bit and

a 64-bit Processor Size

Topic 2

SOFTWARE COMPONENTS

Software Components
Computer software can be classified into
following categories:
System Software
Operating system
Application Software
User Programs
Application programs

Topic 3

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

Operating System (OS)

is a set of programs for controlling and
managing computer hardware and
software.
Provides an interface between a computer
and user and increases computer
efficiency by helping users share
computer resources and performing
repetitive task for users.

A typical OS consists of:

Control Program manage computer hardware
and resources
Function:
Job Management task performed by CPU
Resource Allocation storage and memory
Data management data verification from
corruption
Communication- controls the transfer of data
between CPU and I/O devices

A typical OS consists of:

Supervisor Program also known as kernel
Controlled Programs such as:
Compiler
Interpreter
Assemblers
Utilities

Topic 4

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

User Programs Vs.

Application Programs

Commercial Application
Software for PC
Word Processing Software Ex:
Microsoft word, Corel, WordPerfect and Open
Office

Spreadsheet Software Ex: Microsoft

Excel, IBM lotus 1-2-3, Corel Quarto Pro

Database Software Ex: Microsoft Access,

FileMaker Pro, Alpha Softwares Alpha Five

Commercial Application
Software for PC
Presentation Software Ex: Microsoft
PowerPoint, Adobe Persuasion, Corel Presentation

Graphics Software Ex: IBM Freelance,

Adobe Illustrator

Desktop Publishing Software - Ex: Adobe

InDesign, QuarkXPress, Microsoft Office Publisher

Commercial Application
Software for PC
Financial Planning & Accounting
Software Ex: QuickBooks, Sage Software
Peachtree

Project Management Software Ex:

Microsoft Project, Micro Planner

Computer-Aided Design Software - Ex:

Autodesk, AutoCAD, Cad key, Versa CAD

Topic 5

COMPUTER LANGUAGES

 Machine Language
First generation of computer language
Consists of 0s and 1s representing data
or instruction
Dependent to machine language, so
code written for one type of computer
does not work on another type of
computer
Writing this language is time consuming
and painstaking

 Assembly Language
Second generation of computer
language
A higher level language than machine
language but is also a machine
dependent
Uses a series of short codes or
mnemonics to represent data or
instruction
Ex: ADD and SUBTRACT

 High-Level Language
Third generation of computer language
Machine independent
Easier to learn and code since it uses
English
Self-documenting
Ex: C++, Java, and VB.net

Fourth Generation Language (4GL)

The easiest computer language to use
Also known as non-procedural language
Does not require to follow a rigorous
command syntax to use them
Ex: SQL

Fifth Generation Language (5GL)

Use artificial intelligence technologies
Ex: Knowledge-based systems, Natural
Language Processing (NLP)
Codes are automatically generated and
designed to make the computer solve a given
problem without a programmer or with
minimum programming efforts
Designed to facilitate natural conversions
between a person and a computer