1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Assignment on
Population

MA English (2016-18)
ISP Multan
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Sec C

Submitted To
Sir Nasir Hussain
Submitted By
Abdullah Ejaz
Riffat Mehvish
Saba
Arshiya Azam
Noshaba Munir
Tasleem Akhtar
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Sonam

Abdullah Ejaz
MAENE-023R16-91

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Populati
on

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

What is Population?
The total number of persons inhabiting a
country, city, or any district or area.
In biology, populations are a group of
individuals belonging to the same species
that live in the same region at the same
time.
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

What is Over Population?

The term Over Population or Population
Explosion is used to express the idea of
more population for fewer resources.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Population Distribution
Means the pattern of where people
live. World population distribution is
uneven. Places which are sparsely
populated contain few people. Places
which are densely populated contain
many people.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Factors affecting Distribution of

population
Topography

Soil

1/29/17

Climate

Water

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Minerals

Population is less in,

High latitude(Freedom) areas

Deserts
High mountains

Forests
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Factors Affecting
Population Density
2 factors that affect the Population
density
1.Physical Factors

Relief
Resources
Climate

2.Human Factors

1/29/17

Political
Social
DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)
Economic

Comparisons B/W
Developed & Developing
Countries DEVELOPING
DEVELOPED
COUNTRIES

Low infant mortality

rate

High infant mortality

rate

Life expectancy of 77
years

Life expectancy of 52
years

Total fertility rate = 2.0

Total fertility rate = 5.7

Per capita GDP =

$36,110

Per capita GDP = $800

Report of Jamaica

COUNTRIES

Almost of the world population lives

in only 2 continents.
ASIA and AFRICA

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Worlds most populous countries are,

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Sonam Saba
MAENE-023R16-133

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Population Growth

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Report of Jamaica Olazo

Thomas
Malthus

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

the power of
population
growth is
greater than
the power of
Earth to
produce
subsistence.

Population Growth
Three factors can affect population size:
Number of births
The number of deaths
The number of individuals that enter or
leave the population.
* Simply put, a population will increase or
decrease in size depending on how many
individuals are added to it or removed from it

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Immigration & Emigration

Immigration
the movement of individuals into an area, is
another factor that can cause a population
to grow.
Emigration
the movement of individuals out of an area,
can cause a population to decrease in size.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

CAUSES OF POPULATION
GROWTH

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Causes of Population Growth

Until the 1800s, the population of the world grew
continuously but slowly.
In 1820, the worlds population reached 1 Billion
After a 150 years later, in 1970s, it touched 3 Billion
Large no. of babies were born, but they died early
because of poor health services
So, the population increase was very less.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Causes of Population Growth

After less than 30 years, in 1999, it touched 6 Billion
This kind of sudden increase in population was a
result of better food supplies and Medicine all over
the world and reduce in infant mortality rates (IMR),
IMR is also called CDR.
This sudden increase in population in a short span
of time is called POPULAION EXPLOSION

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Causes of Population Growth

Illiteracy
High Birth Rate And Low Death Rate
Early Marriages
Polygamy
Unawareness About The Proper use Of
Contraceptive
Desire For Male Child
Misinterpretation Of Religious Ulemas
Lack Of Recreational Activities
Failure Of Governmental Population planning
Policies
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Causes of Population Growth

High Birth Rate:
Polygamy: (Two-time)
Some people in Pakistan prefer to have more than
one wife and such polygamy system give birth more
children.
Preference for a Male Child:
Every family in Pakistan prefers a male child. There
are some religious rites which can be preferred by a
male child. So the parents in spite of number of girl
child they wait for a male child.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Causes of Population Growth

Widow Marriage:
The widow marriage system in modern
society helps in the growth of
population.
World Population
China, India,United
States,Pakistanand Bangladeshare
among nine countries which are
projected to account for half of the
world's population increase from 2010
to 2050.
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Noshaba Munir
MAENE-023R16-129

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

EFFECTS OF OVER POPULATION

Low Per Capital Income

Unemployment
Low Growth of Agriculture Sector
Pollution
Low Living Standard
Reduction in Wage Rate

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

MEASURES TO CONTROL OVER

POPULATION

Control the Birth Rate

Use of Medicines
Late Marriages
Health Centres
High Literacy Rate
Women Employment
Family Planning

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Population overview
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The number of live births per 1000
people is called BIRTH RATE
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The number of deaths occur in the first
year of life for 1000 people is called
DEATH RATE
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Tasleem Akhtar
MAENE-023R16-117

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Different Approaches to
take the Population
Problems

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Different Approaches to take

the Population Problems
The rapid increase of population in Pakistan which is
already over-populated is adding sufferings to the
people.
There is build unemployment or underemployment
in the agrarian economy for a greater part of the
year.
The country with increasing growth of populations
caught in the low income equilibrium trap. The
problem of population explosion cannot be solved in
a day.
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Different Approaches to take

the Population Problems
The Government of Pakistan shall have to chalk out
and implement the four fold measure to fight the
problem of overpopulation
(i) Economic measures
(ii) Social measures
(iii) Family planning measures and
(iv) Administrative measures

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

I. Economic Measures
The following economic measures, if adopted
seriously, offer a long term solution to the problem
of overpopulation.
(a)Modernization of agriculture.
(b)Expansion of the industrial sector.
(c)Creation of employment opportunities in
rural areas
(d)Fair distribution of income.
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

I. Economic Measures
(a)Modernization of agriculture:
The Modernization of agriculture through farm
mechanization, proper management of land and
water resources, improved varieties of seeds, taking
plant protection measures and use of fertilizers can
increase the agricultural productivity manifold.
The rise in the income of the farmers will raise their
standard of living and help in reducing the birth rate
indirectly

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

I. Economic Measures
(b) Expansion of the industrial sector:
The government should help and encourage the
people living in rural and urban areas to set up
small, medium and large scale industries. The
setting up of industrial states, the provision of fiscal
incentives etc. create conditions for rapid
industrialization in the country The engagement of
surplus labor force in industries and other gainful
employments raises their standard of living and
motivates the workers to restrict the size of the
family
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

I. Economic Measures
(c)Creation of employment opportunities in rural
areas:
More than70%of the people are living in rural
areas. The government should provide credit and
know how to the dating up these and other
industries will discourage the migration of farmers
from countryside to cities, provide them
employment at home, raise their income level and
will help in the reduction of birth rate indirectly

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

I. Economic Measures
(d)Fair distribution of income:
If the states guarantees a minimum living wage to
workers and the fair system of land and income
distribution is ensured to them the workers will be
able to live a comfortable life. Fair distribution of
income can thus help in slowing down the rate of
growth of population.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

II.Social Measures
Population explosion is as much a social problem
as it is an economic problem. Many of the causes
of population explosion are deep rooted in the
social life of the country, For bringing down the
birth rate, the following social measures should be
undertaken.
(i)Spread of education.
(ii)Improving the status of women.
(iii)Restricting early marriages

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

III. THE FAMILY PLANNING

PROGRAMME
The family planning programmer all over the
world is considered an effective measure in
controlling population explosion.
Thepublic information programmers arousing
awareness and explaining the usefulness of family
planning among people have helped in restricting
the rate of growth of population. The
establishment of family planning centers, the
research ventures have played an effective role in
limiting the size of family.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

IV. ADMINISTRATIVE
MEASURES
The Government of Pakistan being an Islamic
state is very mindful and careful in the
enforcement of birth control measures.
It has introduced population welfare programmer
under which a number of activities such as service
delivery infrastructure, capacity building,
information, education and communication etc.
are carried out to control the size of families.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Riffat Mehvish
MAENE-023R16-132

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Advantages of Overpopulatio
n

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Advantages of Overpopulatio
n

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Advantages of Overpopulatio
n

Increased Human Resources

Higher Demand in Industry
Increased Military Might
Cheaper and More Readily Available
Products

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Disadvantage of Over
Population

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Disadvantage of Over
Population

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Disadvantage of Over
Population

Poverty
Unemployment
Social Problems
A decrease in the standard of living
Increase in Government expenses
Increase in imports, which will result to balance of
payments deficit
Shortage of food
Under utilization of Labour

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Role of population in
development of a nation
Economic Growth
Strong Defence
Economies of Scale

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Arshia Azam
MAENE-023R16-121

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

PAKISTAN
Pakistan is world 6th most populous country.
With an Estimated population of 178 million
at jun-2012.
Natural growth rate 2.05%.
With the same growth rate Pakistan will
become the 4th largest nation in 2050

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Population in Pakistan
According to the economic survey of Pakistan
2010-11,
The total population of Pakistan is 177.1
million against the 173.5 million in last year.
Population growth rate is 2.1 % and in the list
of most populous countries.
Pakistan is at 6thnumber.

Pakistan is also a young Country. Currently

approximately 104 million Pakistanis below
the age of 30 years. Total working age
population is 121.01 millions
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

PAKISTAN
With the median age of around 20 years.
Therefor, it is called a young country.
Currently approximately 104 million below the
age of 30 years.
Total working age of population is 121.01 million.
Labour force estimated 55 million as of 2010-11.
Proportion of population residing in urban
centres has risen to 36%.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Population Analysis of Pakistan

All the indicators have improved form

the last survey in 1998.
CBR
CDR
27.5% 7.3%
But now both has decreased with survey
in 2011.
CBR
CDR
24.81%
6.9%
1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Population Change
Population change refers to the change in number
of people during a specific time.
Population change takes place as a result of births
and deaths.

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Natural causes of population change are BIRTHS and

DEATHS.
The difference between birth Rate and death Rate is
called NATURAL GROWTH OF POPULATION

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)

Thank you

1/29/17

DEPT: ENGLISH(ISP)