THREE PHASE

TRANSFORME
R
THREE PHASE TRANSFORMER BANK
PURPOSE OF THREE PHASE
TRANSFORMER
IN ORDER TO SUPPLY THREE PHASE SOURCE
ADVANTAGE OF THREE PHASE TRANSFORMERS
OVER A THREE SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER
1. A three phase transformer occupies less space for same rating, compared to a
bank of three single phase transformers.
2. It weighs less
3. Its cost is less
4. Only one unit is required to be handled which makes it easy to operate
5. It can be transported easily
6. The core will be of smaller size and the material required for the core is less
7. Single three phase unit is more efficient
8. In case of three single phase units, six terminals are required to be brought
out while in case of one three phase unit, only three terminals are required to be
brought out.
9. The overall busbar structure, switchgear and installation of single three phase
unit is simpler.
TYPES OF THREE PHASE
TRANSFORMER
1. DRY TYPE
2. OIL IMMERSED TYPE
TYPE OF THREE PHASE TRANSFORMER
ACCORDING TO CONSTRUCTION
1. CORE TYPE
2. SHELL TYPE
Core type
Core type three phase transformer
has three limb construction.
A primary and a secondary winding
of one phase are wound on one leg.
Core Type
 Shell Type
In shell type transformer, the
three phases are more
independent than they are in the
core type of three phase
transformer.
The three phase shell type of
transformer has construction
similar to that of single phase
shell type transformer built on
top of one another.
This type of transformer is rarely
used.
Principle of Operation
The three cores are
arranged at 120 degrees
from each other.
The primaries are
connected to the three
phase supply.
The sum of the three fluxes
is zero at any instant.
Principle of Operation
Transformer Bank
Two or more single phase transformer that are interconnected
on either delta or wye.
Advantage of three single phase transformer bank
1. It may be possible to have one transformer in a bank with
higher kVA rating than the other so that unbalanced load can be
supplied.
2. When one of the transformers is out of service then also
system operation is possible with remaining two transformers
using V V connection at reduced capacity.
Types of Transformer Bank
These are various methods available for transforming 3 phase
voltages to higher or lower 3 phase voltages.
1. Delta Delta
2. Wye Wye
3. Delta Wye
4. Wye Delta
5. Open Delta or V V connection
6. Scott connection or T T connection
Wye to Wye ( Y Y ) Connection
A bank of three transformers connected in Y on both primary and secondary
sides.
This connection without neutrals are rarely used.
Delta Delta() Transformation
In this type of connection, both the three phase primary and secondary
windings are connected in delta
Wye to Delta ( Y -
In this type of connection, The primary is connected in wye while the
secondary is connected in delta
Delta to Wye
In this type of connection, the primary is connected in delta while the
secondary is connected in star
Example
1. Three transformers, connected delta on the primary side and wye on the
secondary side, step the voltage down from 13,200 V to 460 volts and
delivers a 750 kVA, 0.8 pf load. Calculate:
A) ratio of transformation Of each transformer
B) kVA and kW load on each transformer
C) current in the primary line wires
D) current in each primary transformer windings
E) Current in each secondary transformer winding
Example
2. Three 10:1 step-down transformer are connected Y on the primary and
delta on the secondary side. If the primary line o line voltage is 3,980 volts
and the secondaries deliver a rated balanced three phase load of 180 kW at a
power factor of 0.8, calculate
a) the line voltage on the secondary side
b) the current in each transformer windings on the secondary side,
c) the line current on the secondary side,
d) the current in each of the transformer windings on the primary side,
e) kVA rating of each transformer
Example
3. What should be the rating and turn ratio of a three phase transformer to transform
10,000 kVA from 230 kV to 4,160 V if the transformer is to be connected to wye to
delta.
4. A bank of three 50:1 single phase transformers connected wye to delta is used to
step down the high voltage transmission line rated 13,800 kV. Determine the
magnitude of the step down voltage.
5. A three phase transformer has delta connected primary and a star connected
secondary working on 50 Hz three phase supply. The line voltages of primary and
secondary are 3300 V and 400 V respectively. The line current on the primary side is
12 A and secondary has a balanced load at 0.8 lagging pf. Determine the secondary
phase voltage, line current, and the output.
6. The secondary line to line voltage of a star-delta connected transformer is measured
to be 400 V. If the turns ratio between the primary and secondary coils is 2 : 1, the
applied line to line voltage in the primary is?
Answers
1. 49.7:1, 250 kVA, 200 kW, 32.8 A, 18.94 A, 941.33 A
2. 230V, 326 A, 565 A, 32.6 A, 75 kVA
3. 3,333 kVA, 31.92
4. 159.35 kV
5. 230.94 V, 99 A, 54.87 kW
6. 1386 V