LAMBERT

QUADRILATERAL

PRESENTED BY:
Danika Jade S. Paragas
BSMath
2/6/17
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION
JOHANN HEINRICH LAMBERT
LAMBERT QUADRILATERAL
THEOREM 4.9
Proof
THEOREM 4.10
Proof
:))))))

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Johann Heinrich Lambert
Johann Heinrich
Lambert
(German:
[lambt], Jean-
Henri Lambert in
French; 26 August
1728 25
September 1777)
was a Swiss
mathematician,
physicist,
philosopher and
astronomer.

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 Lambert was the first to
introduce hyperbolic functions
into trigonometry. Also, he
made conjectures regarding
non-Euclidean space.
Lambert is credited with the
first proof that is irrational.

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 Lambert also devised
theorems regarding
conic sections that
made the calculation
of the orbits of
comets simpler.
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LAMBERT QUADRILATERAL

In geometry, a Lambert
Quadrilateral, named
after Johann Heinrich
Lambert, is a
quadrilateral, three of
whose angles are right
angles.
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LAMBERT QUADRILATERAL

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LAMBERT QUADRILATERAL
Historically, the fourth angle
of a Lambert quadrilateral
was of considerable interest
since if it could be shown to
be a right angle, then the
Euclidean parallel postulate
could be proved as a
theorem.
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LAMBERT QUADRILATERAL
It is now known that the type of
the fourth angle depends upon
the geometry in which the
quadrilateral lives. In hyperbolic
geometry, the fourth angle is
acute; In Euclidean geometry, it
is a right angle; and in elliptic
geometry, it is an obtuse angle.

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 The limiting
ORBIFOLD
hyperbolic
SYMMETR
Lambert
Yquadrilateral
has 3 right
angles, and one
0 degree angle
with an ideal
vertex at
infinity, defining
orbifold
*2222symmet
ry.

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 Thefundamenta
l
domaininorbifo
ld*3222
symmetryis a
Lambert
quadrilateral
with 60 degree
angle on one of
its corners.

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THEOREM 4.9

Thefourth
angle of a
Lambert
quadrilateral is
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acute.
Proof

Duplicate the Lambert

quadrilateral on the
D C D
other side of BC.

ADD'A' is a Saccheri
quadrilateral and by
Theorem 4.7 which
states that In
Saccheri quadrilateral,
the summit angles are
A A
congruent and acute. B

Therefore, this proves that angle at D is an

acute angle.
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<3
THEOREM 4.10

The sum of the

measures of the
angles of a right
triangle is less
than 180.
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Proof
Drop a perpendicular
from D, the midpoint
of hypotenuse AB to
side CB.
F Construct FAD
A EBD with FA = EB.
I
I II by SAS.
AFD is a right
D angle, FE is a straight
line, ACEF is a
II
Lambert
quadrilateral.
C B
E The angle sum of
ABC is 90o+ an
acute angle.

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 Since C=90o and A+ B<90o,

A+B+C< 90o+90o
A+B+C< 180o
ABC < 180o

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 Therefore, the sum of
the measures of the
angles of a right
triangle is less than
180.
<3
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 Thank
You!!!!!! :P
GOOD
DAY!!!!! >_<
2/6/17