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Nowdays, many industries rely on Sensory Panel and
similar applications to assess the Quality of their Product.
But, they have drawbacks like they can be Subjective, not
fast and need skilled people for the interpretation of the
data.
So, there should be other better options which can be
Objective, more simpler and can be faster than others. The
´E ² Noseµ technology fulfills the same requirements.
In 1984, a team of scientists led by Dr. Joseph Stetter,
produced the first working Artificial Nose at Argonne,
Chicago. The model was totally self-contained, Battery
operated, having Sensor Array and weighing 15 pounds.
 Ô 
3 Electronic Noses are arrays of electronic
sensors, capable of detecting and differentiating
complex mixtures of volatile compound, utilized to
differentiate aromas of food and lot other materials. ´

E - nose technology is still in its development

phase, both in respect to hardware and software
development. So, they can make the future more fast,
more accurate and better to live. Today, these
instruments contain an array of one to 32 sensors,
using a variety of different sensor technologies.
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In the Artificial Nose, different sensors, each composed of
a unique polymer and conducting material, are mounted on
an electronic chip. The polymer sensors are wired through
microelectronic circuitry to an electrical detector that can
record changes in their conductivity.
The Human Nose is having about x Million Receptors,
which are nothing but a particle like thing which can generate
and send appropriate Signals with respect to the odor or
aroma. These signals are being sent to a part of human brain
called, the Olfactory Bulb. The brain then organizes these
signals into patterns that enable the person to detect, identify,
and remember distinct odors.
The ´E ² Nosesµ work similarly.
Polymer Composite The Sensor after
Sensor. ÿ the yellow exposure
line indicates flow of to a vapour. where the
current through the sensor
carbon particles has swollen and the
embedded in the conducting pathway
insulating polymer (yellow line) has been
matrix.) altered.
ë Cyranose chip with 32 proprietary
composite polymer sensors.
     

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›he Pico-x Electronic Nose developed at the University of
Brescia builds upon the thin film technology for producing reliable
sensors. In particular, the SnO2 sensors are grown with the RG›O
technique developed in Brescia.
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›here has been developed a small ÿ
mm) generic solid state
gas sensing array consisting of eight sensing modules and associated
electronics. It measures changes of electronic properties of chemically
selective layers as they interact with gases and vapors.
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›he approach is based on Randomly-ëssembled, High Density
Fluorescent Bead ërrays. ›his Optical Nose technology combines
fiber-optic bundles with microspheres doped with solvatochromic
dyes.
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Scientists at Cranfield University are taking a
different approach to diagnosing urinary tract infections. In
a device called the Diag-Nose, they mix a patient's
bacterially infected urine with a special growth medium that
contains specially formulated compounds. Upon ingestion
by the contaminating bacteria the compounds will release
characteristic odors that can be detected by a sensor device,
leading to a quick diagnosis and earlier treatment of the
patient. Identifying the responsible bacterial organism
usually takes up to two days while the method developed
at Cranfield takes five to si
hours.

Scientists are looking to also diagnose ›uberculosis, gastric

conditions like Ulcers, and cancers potentially diagnosed through the
breath, such as esophageal or lung cancer.
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NASA scientists are expanding the sensitivity of an
Electronic Nose, while shrinking its size to make it more
compact for future space missions.
According to Dr. Amy Ryan, principal investigator for
the E-Nose at NASA·s wet Propulsion Laboratory, California :
´The E-Nose was able to determine changes in humidity
accurately. Since there are limits on size and power
requirements in constricted quarters, miniaturization is
important. Our current efforts are directed towards
improving the Sensitivity of the E-Nose, expanding the
compounds we can detect from 12 to 24 and making the unit
even smaller.µ
A major application that JPL scientists are pursuing is the
Detection of a Fire before the blaze errupts.
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›he device can be able to check for spoilage, contamination,
freshness, and batch-to-batch consistency in foods and beverages.

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A ›he devices may also provide in-line quality control and

quality assessment in industrial, packaging, automotive,
and petrochemical processing.
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Unlike Electronic Noses based upon sensor arrays, the ^-

Nose is able to Speciate and Quantify the individual
chemicals present in any smell, fragrance, vapor, or odor in 10
seconds with part per billion sensitivity. Simultaneously it is
the only Electronic Nose to produce high-resolution Visual
Olfactory images called VaporPrints and virtual chemical
sensor arrays.

The ability of ´^ ² Noseµ to perform over 700

measurements per day is providing commercial users an
advantage over an electronic nose, which pays for itself in 30
days or less
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But, Scientists have not stopped yet. They are hoping the
nearabout future as ´ Nose-On-Chip ´.
Scientists at the University of Leicester are hoping that they
can help tackle pollution by developing the world's smallest
electronic nose, having size of a Finger-Nail.
Scientists are aiming to combine the Odour Sensors and the
Signal Processing Components onto 1 Silicon chip. ›he chip -
around a square centimetre in si^e - would run on very little
power.
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A whole new generation of Artificial Noses
offers a powerful and easy-to-use Smell Identification
system. Recent advances with low power
requirements allow for battery-operated, handheld
devices that are more user-friendly than currently
marketed products.

The drive to still-greater miniaturization and

lower cost will lead to chip-based products suitable
for high-volume, low-cost consumer-oriented
markets.
‰