Module 2: Concepts of

Server Clusters
Overview

Introduction to Server Clusters

Key Concepts of a Server Cluster
Choosing a Server Cluster Configuration
Applications and Services on Server Clusters
 Introduction to Server Clusters
Clustering Techniques

Shared Everything Model

Mirrored Servers
Shared Nothing Model
Availability and Scalability

Availability
Cluster Service Improves Availability of Applications and
Services
Scalability
Cluster Service Improves Scalability by Adding More
Computers to the Cluster
Multimedia: Microsoft Windows 2000 Cluster Service
Key Concepts of a Server Cluster

Server Cluster

Node
Node AA
A Group of Resources

Private
Private File
File Share
Share Client
Client
Quorum Network
Network
Disk 1
Virtual
Virtual
Disk 1 Server
Server
Print
Print Share
Share
Node
Node BB

Public
Public
Network
Network
Cluster Disks

Node
Node AA

Quorum

Disk 1

Disk 2

Disk 3
Node
Node BB
Disk 4
Quorum Resource

Data Storage
Arbitration
Quorum Ownership
Updates for Nodes Coming Online
Cluster Communications

Private Network
Public Network
Mixed Network
 Groups and Resources
Server
Server Cluster
Cluster

\\Cluster1
\\Cluster1
10.0.0.3
10.0.0.3
Logical Logical
LogicalDisk
Disk
Node
Node AA Disk
Group 1
Disk 1

\\Server1
\\Server1
10.0.0.4
10.0.0.4
Disk 2 File
FileShare
Share
Printer
PrinterShare
Share
Node
Node BB Group 2

Disk 3

\\Server2
\\Server2
10.0.0.6
10.0.0.6
Application
Application
Group 3
Resource Dependencies
Recommended
FS-1
FS-1 Not Recommended
Vertical
File
FileShare
Share Forking Dependency
Dependency

FS-1
FS-1
File
FileShare
Share
NN-1
NN-1
Network
NetworkName
Name

IP-1 NN-1
NN-1
IP-1 Network
IPIPAddress
Address NetworkName
Name

PD-1
PD-1 PD-1
PD-1 IP-1
IP-1
Physical
PhysicalDisk
Disk Physical
PhysicalDisk
Disk IPIPAddress
Address
Virtual Servers

Client Access to Virtual Servers

Virtual Server Environment
Virtual Server Naming
Named Pipe Remapping
Registry Replication
Virtual Server Name Resolution
WINS
WINS
\\VirtualServer
\\VirtualServer==10.0.0.25
10.0.0.25

Node
Node AA
Group
Group 11 Active
ActiveDirectory
Directory
Share
Share =\\VirtualServer\Share
= \\VirtualServer\Share
oror
Share
Share==\\VirtualServer.mwtraders.msft
\\VirtualServer.mwtraders.msft
Disk 1

Quorum

Disk 1
\\VirtualServer
\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft
\\10.0.0.25
Node
Node BB

DNS
DNS
\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft
\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft==10.0.0.25
10.0.0.25
Failover and Failback
Failover
Failover Failback
Failback
Group
Group 11

Node
Node AA Node
Node AA
Disk 1

Quorum Quorum

Disk 1 Disk 1
Group
Group 11

Node
Node BB Node
Node BB Disk 1
Demonstration: Cluster Concepts
 Choosing a Server Cluster Configuration

Performance
Performance Cluster
Cluster
Virtual
VirtualServer
Server Failover
FailoverCapability
Capability Considerations
Considerations Configuration
Configuration

No
No Cluster
Cluster Needed
Needed

Single
Single Node
Node
Virtual
Virtual Server
Server

Active/Passive
Active/Passive

Active/Active
Active/Active
Active/Passive Configuration
Group
Group 11
Node A manages virtual
Cluster
Cluster Service
Service server \\ACCOUNTING.
Node B is configured as a
Disk 1
hot spare and will take
ownership of \\accounting
if Node A goes offline.
\\ACCOUNTING

Node
Node AA Quorum Node
Node BB
Disk 1
Active/Active Configuration
Group Cluster
Cluster Service
Service
Group 11
Capacity
Capacitytoto
fail
failover
over Group
Group 22
Group
Group11
Disk 1

Disk 2
Capacity
Capacitytoto
fail
failover
over
\\ENGINEERING Group
Group22
\\ACCOUNTING

Quorum
Node
Node AA Node
Node BB
Disk 1
Disk 2
Hybrid Configuration

Group
Group 11

Capacity
Capacitytoto
fail
failover
over
Disk 1 \\engineering
\\engineering

\\ENGINEERING

Node
Node AA Node
Node BB

Quorum

Disk 1
Node
NodeAAproviding Node
providing NodeBBproviding
providing
DNS outside File/Print
DNS outside File/Printoutside
outside
the
thecluster
cluster the cluster
the cluster
Single Node Virtual Server
Cluster
Cluster Service
Service
\\ENGINEERING
Clients
Clientscan
canaccess
access
Group
Group 11 any
anyvirtual
virtualserver
server
Disk 1
ininthe
thecluster.
cluster.

\\ACCOUNTING

Group
Group 22 Disk 2

Not Shared
Quorum
Node
Node AA
Disk 1

Disk 2
 Applications and Services on Server Clusters

Applications
Services
File and Print Shares
Identifying Performance Limitations
Applications

Cluster-Aware Applications
Cluster-Unaware Applications
Services

DFS
DHCP
WINS
File and Print Shares

Client
Client
Identifying Performance Limitations
Group
Group 11

Node
Node AA Exchange
Exchange
2000
2000

Quorum

Disk 1

Group
Group 22
Node
Node BB
File
File // Print
Print
Review

Introduction to Server Clusters

Key Concepts of a Server Cluster
Choosing a Server Cluster Configuration
Applications and Services on Server Clusters