ENERGY IN

THERMAL
SYSTEM
 OBJECTIVE

To gain thermal equilibrium.

To determine final temperature

 INFERENCE

Thermal equilibrium is achieved when

two substances reach the same
temperature and exchange to heat
energy.
 HYPOTHESIS
The final temperature obtained from experiment will
be the state in which the temperature of two
substances reached the equal temperature at a
certain time.
1. Mercury thermometer -1
2. Beaker -2
3. Bunsen burner or electric kettle -1
4. Electronic Balance/ Beam Balance -1
5. Hot hand protector -1
6. Tripod stand and wire gauze -1
7. Lighter gun -1
 PROCEDURES
1. Weigh the mass of an empty beaker and record as m1.
2. Fill 200ml tap water into the beaker. Measure mass of the
beaker with tap water and record as m2.
3. Read the initial temperature of tap water and record as T1.
4. Fill another empty beaker with 250ml water. Weigh the
mass
of the beaker and record as m3.
5. Heat the beaker for 10 minutes.
6. Read the temperature of the hot water Figure 1.
7. Pour tap water into the beaker containing hot water gently.
8. Stir the mixture slowly about 10 seconds. Record the final

temperature as Tfinal.
RESULT
CALCULATION
TEMPERATURE
LIGHTER GUN
ELECTRONIC BALANCED
HAND PROTECTOR
 ANALYSIS
Energy in thermal system or thermal equilibrium is
achieved when two substances reach the same
temperature and exchange to heat energy.

We calculate the gram(g) of the mass and

celcius(c) of the temperature, T.

The apparatus we using is mercury thermometer,

beaker, Bunsen burner or electric kettle, electronic
balance/beam balance, hot hand protector, tripod
stand and wire gauze and lighter gun.
 ERROR ANALYSIS
Due to error in reading on the percentage
error, we can find this error by using the
Tfinal (from experiment) and Tfinal (from
calculation). The formula of the Tfinal is

Tfinal= (mhot x Thot) + (mcold x Tcold)

(mhot + mcold)

We carry out the experiment twicely and

we found that the reading is not same.
 QUESTION
Does the final temperature in this
experiment is equal with the final
temperature in calculation?
No
If both of the temperatures are not the
same, explain why and relate to thermal
equilibrium principle?
Because two objects at the thermal
equilibrium have the same temperature and
there is no net transfer of heat energy
between the objects.
 CONCLUSION
1. After experiment, we should be able to gain thermal
equilibrium.

2. We also can know how to determine final temperature.

3. As a student, we also can know how to find the result

of the empty beaker, beaker with 200ml cold water (tap
water), and beaker with 250ml hot water.

4. We also can found the temperature of the cold water

(tap water), temperature of hot water and the
temperature of the mixture of water.
VIDEO EXPERIMENT