Warming Up

3GRPLS (RN3155) - Module 1

Soc Classification level

1 Nokia Siemens Networks 3G RPLS / AA / 10/2008
UMTS Releases

1999 UMTS CN = enhanced GSM NSS

UMTS Release 99 UTRAN & WCDMA

Bearer independent CS domain

2001 Low chip rate TDD mode
UMTS Release 4 UTRA repeater
MMS

High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA)

2002 Wideband AMR
UMTS Release 5 Initial phase of the IP Multimedia Subsystem
IP transport in the UTRAN
Location Services enhancements

FDD Enhanced Uplink (HSUPA)

IMS Phase 2
2006 Wireless LAN/UMTS Inter-working
UMTS Release 6
Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS)
Push Services and Presence.

HSPA+ (MIMO & Higher Order Modulation)

2007
UMTS Release 7 Enhanced UE Receiver
Direct Tunneling

2008 HSPA+ Enhancements

UMTS Release 8
LTE + SAE/EPS
2009/10
UMTS Release 9 LTE-A: IMT-Advanced (4G) proposal
Soc Classification level
11 Nokia Siemens Networks
UMTS Release 99 Core Network
CN (Core Network)
GERAN circuit switched (cs) domain
MSC/VLR GMSC PSTN/
ISDN

common
HLR cs & ps
EIR
AC network
elements WAP
UTRAN

PDN
IP-
SGSN backbone GGSN
BGF CGF corporate
Packet Switched (PS) domain networks

Inter-PLMN Billing
Network Centre
Soc Classification level
13 Nokia Siemens Networks
UMTS Release 4 core network

Soc Classification level

15 Nokia Siemens Networks
UTRAN

UTRAN CN
UE
Uu Radio Network Subsystem (RNS) circuit
MSC/VLR switched
(cs)
Iub Iu-CS domain
RNC

Uu
Iur
UE

Iu-PS packet
Iub RNC switched
SGSN (ps)
domain
Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)

Soc Classification level

18 Nokia Siemens Networks
RNC Tasks and Functions

WCDMA radio resource management

Admission Control, Packet Scheduling,
Load Control, Power Control, Handover
Control, Resource Manager.
Telecom functionality
incl. Location & connection management
(Transport Manager), ciphering, Iu and Iub
channel management, ATM switching and
multiplexing
Maintenance
incl. Fault localisation and reconfiguration
Operation
incl. RNC and Node B parameter
modification

Soc Classification level

19 Nokia Siemens Networks
Node B Tasks and Functions in Rel 99

Radio Channel functions.

O&M Processing. Transport to physical channel
Interfacing with NMS mappings. Encoding/Decoding
and RNC for alarm Spreading/Despreading user
and control traffic and signalling.
(Operations and
Maintenance)
functions. Uu Interface
10 WCDMA
10
RNC 1 00
10
1 01
0 10
00
Iub Interface 1
ATM

Cellular Transmission management Air Interface management.

Managing ATM switching and Controlling Uplink and
multiplexing over the Iub interface. Downlink radio paths on the Uu
Control of AAL2/AAL5 connections. Air Interface. Baseband to RF
Control of the physical transmission conversion. Antenna multi-
interfaces E1, PDH, SDH or coupling.
microwave.
Soc Classification level
20 Nokia Siemens Networks
Key WCDMA Facts in Rel 99
Duplex Transmission Modes:
Spreading
Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)
Spreading codes =
Time Division Duplex (TDD)
channelisation codes scrambling codes
Chip rate: 3.84 Mchips
Multiple Access: Channelisation codes = orthogonal codes,
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
length: depends on spreading factor
Scrambling codes = pseudo noise codes
Modulation
(derived from Gold code family)
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
length: 38400 chips (10 ms)
16-QAM (HSDPA)
Spreading Factors (FDD mode):
Bandwidth UL: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256
5 MHz
DL: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512
The spreading factor can be changed every
Time Organisation:
TTI (10, 20, 40, or 80 ms).
10 ms per radio frame
15 time slots per frame
Handover types: Soft & Softer HO (FDD only),
72 radio frames per hyperframe
Hard Handover;
2560 chips per timeslot

Soc Classification level

23 Nokia Siemens Networks
AS and NAS Signalling

UE CN Iu edge node

NAS signalling and User data

i.e. MM, PMM & CC, SS, SMS, SM

UTRAN

RNC

Access Stratum Signalling

Access Stratum Signalling
(Iu Stratum)
(Uu Stratum)
RANAP
RRC

Soc Classification level

25 Nokia Siemens Networks
UMTS QoS Architecture
CN Iu CN
TE MT UTRAN edge node Gateway TE

End-to-End Service

TE/MT Local External

Bearer Service
UMTS Bearer Service = UMTS QoS Bearer Service

Radio Access
Bearer Service
CN
Bearer Service
Radio Iu
Bearer Service Bearer Service

UTRA FDD/TDD Physical Backbone

Service Bearer Service Bearer Service

Soc Classification level (adopted from TS 23.107)

27 Nokia Siemens Networks
QoS Management Functions in the Control Plane
TE MT UTRAN CN Iu edge node CN Gateway ext. network

Adm/ Adm/ Adm/ Adm/

Trans- Subscr Trans-
Cap. Cap. Cap. Cap.
lation Control lation
Control Control Control Control

UMTS BS UMTS BS UMTS BS

Manager Manager Manager
RAB
Manager

Local Radio Radio

Iu BS Iu BS CN BS CN BS Ext. BS
BS BS BS
Mana- Mana- Mana- Mana- Mana-
Mana- Mana- Mana-
ger ger ger ger ger
ger ger ger

UTRA UTRA
Iu NS Iu NS BB NS BB NS
ph. BS ph. BS
Mana- Mana- Mana- Mana- (adopted from
Mana- Mana-
ger ger ger ger TS 23.107)
ger ger
Soc Classification level
28 Nokia Siemens Networks
UTRAN Specific Signalling and Control Protocols

RNS

Iub RNC
UE :N AP
Node B BA AN
P S: R
Iu-C 3G-MSC/VLR
RRC

Iu-
PS
: RA
NA
P
Iur: RNSAP 3G-SGSN

RNC
RNS
Soc Classification level
29 Nokia Siemens Networks
UMTS Bearer Attributes
Conversational Streaming Interactive Background
Traffic class
class class class class
Maximum bit rate
Delivery order
Maximum SDU size
SDU format
information
SDU error ratio
Residual bit
error ratio
Delivery of
erroneous SDUs
Transfer delay
Guaranteed bit rate
Traffic handling
priority
Allocation/Retention
priority

Soc Classification level

31 Nokia Siemens Networks
(adopted from TS 23.107 chap. 6.4.3.3)
Services/applications and traffic class
Conversational Streaming Interactive Background
Traffic class
class class class class

Speech
Video call
Streaming video

Streaming audio

Web browsing

Email

Email (background)

VoIP
Gaming

Presence

Initially 3G networks do not support all traffic classes and services are implemented with lower
quality connections.
Soc Classification level
33 Nokia Siemens Networks
General Protocol Model for UTRAN Interfaces

Radio Control Plane User Plane

Network Application Data
Layer Protocol Streams

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer
ALCAP

Signalling Signalling Data

Bearer(s) Bearer(s) Bearer(s)

Physical Layer

Soc Classification level

35 Nokia Siemens Networks (copied from TS 25.401 chap. 11.1.1)
Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (in UE)
Control Plane Signalling User Plane Signalling
control
control RRC Layer
control
RBs
control PDCP PDCP
PDCP
control BMC

RLC Layer RLC RLC

RLC RLC
RLC RLC
RLC RLC

LogCHs

MAC Layer

TrCHs

PHY Layer
PhyCHs
(copied from TS 25.301 chap. 5.1)
Soc Classification level
37 Nokia Siemens Networks