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POLLUTION
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
Indoor air quality is important to human
health simply because we spend so much
time indoors and the quality of the air we
breathe is not monitored.
Indoor air may contain: asbestos from
fireproofing and vinyl floors; CO from
smoking, space heaters, stoves;
formaldehyde from carpets, ceiling tiles
and paneling; particulates from smoking,
fireplaces, dusting; nitrogen oxides from
kerosene stoves, gas stoves; ozone from
photocopying machines; radon diffused
from soil; etc
Para- Tetrachloroethylene: Lead: from
Chloroform: dichlorobenzene: air dry cleaning residue; paint; eye, nose,
chlorine-treated hot fresheners, moth balls; nerve, liver, kidney throat, lung
water; cancers cancers problems irritant, cancer
1, 1, 1- Formaldehyde:
Trichloroethane: from processed
aerosals; dizziness, wood; eye, nose,
irregular breathing throat, lung irritant
Nitrogen Oxides:
Gas ovens, kerosene Benzo--
heaters, un-vented
gas burning; lung
pyrene: from
smoke; lung cancer
irritation, headaches
Styrene:
from
carpet/plastic
. Kidney/liver
Tobacco Smoke problems
Prevention Cleanup
Cover ceiling tiles and lining of Use adjustable fresh air vents
AC ducts to prevent release of for work spaces
mineral fibers
CO2 H 2O H 2CO3
SO2 H 2O H 2 SO3
SO3 H 2O H 2 SO4
2 NO2 H 2O HNO3 HNO2
Wind
Transformation to
sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
and nitric acid (HNO3) Windborne ammonia gas
and particles of cultivated soil
partially neutralize acids and Wet acid deposition
form dry sulfate and nitrate salts (droplets of H2SO4 and
HNO3 dissolved in rain
Nitric oxide (NO) Dry acid
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and snow)
deposition
and NO (sulfur dioxide
gas and particles
Acid fog of sulfate and
nitrate salts)
Farm
Ocean Lakes in shallow
Lakes in soil low in
deep soil limestone
high in limestone become
are buffered acidic
Prevention Cleanup
Increase use of
renewable resources
Where:
= absorptivity
A = surface area exposed
T = absolute temperature
= Stefan-Boltzmann
constant
WIENS DISPLACEMENT LAW
At any given temperature, the maximum monochromatic
radiating power is attained at a definite wavelength, denoted
by max.
Tmax = C
Where:
C = 2897.8 when max is in m and T in Kelvins
or 5200 when T is in degrees Rankine
Monochromatic emissivity, = E
Eb
Where E = emissive power of real surface at
Eb = emissive power of a blackbody, both at
the same temperature
GLOBAL WARMING
GLOBAL WARMING:
CAUSES
Anthropogenic emission of GHG
Carbon dioxide, methane, water, CFCs,
THM, carbon monoxide
Deforestation
Removal of possible heat sinks
Reduced reflection
Solutions
Convert coal
to a liquid or Remove
gaseous fuel pollutants after
combustion
Shift to less
Tax each unit
polluting fuels
of pollution
produced