Historical

Development of
Travel and Tourism
 ANCIENT TIMES
Travel was time consuming, expensive,
and dangerous.
Early travel was associated with the
waterways. Clustering of cities beside
rivers and coastlines led to the
commercial use of waterways for
carrying goods and people.
 ANCIENT TIMES
Travel by land was limited.
With the advent of the wheel, little
improvement in speed was realized at first.
The Assyrians, from 900 to 612 BC ,
developed a network to facilitate travel within
the Assyrian Empire for military use. Roads
leading to areas of economic, political, and
military importance were paved and stone
bridges were constructed over strategic river
crossings.
 ANCIENT TIMES
The Persians, following the Assyrians,
contributed to travel mainly in the
expansion of the empire and in
improvement in the travel infrastructure.
Roads were expanded and refine
New kinds of wagons were developed
classical four wheeled, closed carriages for
the wealthy and elite
 THE ROMAN ERA
The Romans keen sense of military and
administrative organization brought
under control, politically and culturally.
The Romans had the ability to build
superior transportation networks.
Three factors emerged during the
Roman Era that were important
contributors to tourism : common
coinage, language and legal system
 THE ROMAN ERA
Roman coins were the only medium of
exchange the traveler needed to carry
since they were accepted throughout
the empire.
Greek and Latin were the principal
official and business languages,
enabling the traveler to communicate
relatively easily in any part of the empire
The legal system provided protection
from foreign courts and jurisdiction.
 THE ROMAN ERA
Romans developed the concept of a leisure
holiday that allowed Romans free time to
travel.
They travel for enjoyment and to visit friends
Holiday the word is derived from two
sources:
Holy Day - a day that was associated with
religion and designated by religious orders , or
clergy, as a day to recognize ( for fasting and
prayer in remembrance of saints and important
religious events)
In Ancient Rome, there was a public holiday set
aside for feasting and frolicking this day was
referred as Saturnalia
 THE ROMAN ERA
In 1552, Edward VI established certain
saints days as holidays in order for civil
servants to have a day of rest.
However, it was not until the impact of
the Industrial Revolution that general
public holidays evolved for the masses.
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
Travel for education - Grand Tour
The sons of the nobility and wealthy of
England and France were sent for a period
lasting almost three years, absorbing the
culture and language of Renaissance
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
Late in the 1800s and early 1900s,
seaside and mountain resorts became
fashionable places for the wealthy
Spas medical bath ; dozen of
watering places became resort hotels
Improved transportation and
communication systems, particularly the
railroads, changed the nature of the
seaside resorts from wealthy
playgrounds to large complexes for the
masses.
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Brought about economic and social
changes that completely altered lifestyles
and the world
The changes brought about by the
Industrial Revolution also increased the
ability to travel.
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The following four factors associated
with the Industrial Revolution were the
basis for this change:
1. New machinery, which increased the
ability to produce goods.
2. New kinds of power, which were being
developed to facilitate productivity and
move a greater number of people over
greater distances at less expense.
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

The following four factors associated with

the Industrial Revolution were the basis for
this change:

3. New methods of extracting and using metals

providing a variety of new goods and
construction materials.
4. The dramatic discoveries that would be
used to provide new production, new
occupations, and new goods, some of which
would greatly affect tourism.
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
- brought technological changes
- social changes gave more people
the motivation and opportunity to travel
Travel as recreational activity
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
19th Century 2 technological
development
1. introduction of railway
2. development of steam power

Mass market large number of individual

Travel organizers emerged Thomas
Cook
EARLY INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM
20th Century
Pleasure travel continued to expand
Post war prosperity

- large scale of migration

- motor cars
- improved aircraft technology
- private car ownership
- growth of excursions and short stay
holidays
- business travel flourished