Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
MEDIA
ECEN 3214: Transmission Media
and Antenna System
TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
AND PHYSICAL LAYER
CLASSES OF
TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
COPPER PROPERTIES
Copper has several important properties
which make it well suited for electronic
cabling:
F/UTP (FTP)
An overall foil shield (F) with
unscreened twisted pairs (UTP). This
cable is very much like common UTP
cables, with the addition of foil
underneath the main cable jacket.
Another common name for this cable
is FTP. F/UTP cables are common in
10GBaseT applications.
TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR
S/UTP
An overall braid screen (S) with
unscreened twisted pairs (UTP). This
is occasionally referred to as an STP
cable, but beware: There are other
shielded cables among this list that
may also claim this term. To be sure,
always check to see whether your
cable will have any kind of overall
barrier, and whether the individual
pairs have their own shield.
TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR
SF/UTP
Both an overall braid screen (S) and
foil shield (F) with unscreened
twisted pairs (UTP). This cable is
also occasionally referred to as an
STP cable. Cables with an overall
braided screen are very effective at
protecting EMI from entering or
exiting the cable.
TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR
S/FTP
An overall braid screen (S) with foil
screened twisted pairs (FTP). The
shield underneath the jacket is a
braid, and each individual pair is
surrounded by its own foil barrier.
The purpose of the additional foil on
individual pairs is to limit the amount
of crosstalk between them.
TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR
F/FTP
An overall foil shield (F) with foil
screened twisted pairs (FTP). Similar to
F/UTP cables, these shielded cables are
commonly used in 10GBaseT
applications.
U/FTP
No overall shielding or braid (U) with foil
screened twisted pairs (FTP). This type
of shielded cable is commonly used in
10GBaseT applications as well.
TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR
U/UTP
This cable is not shielded at all, and is
the common unshielded cable most often
referred to as UTP cable.
Electronic symbol
for a shielded
wire
Shielded
Faster than UTP and Coaxial
This cable has all of the
advantages and disadvantages of
unshielded twisted pair cable.
STP afford greater protection from
all types of external interference
than UTP.
DISADVANTAGES
STP is more expensive than UTP.
PC PC
To Provide:
Clear Video Signal
Fewer Cable to Manage
Lower Cost Per Connection
Centralized Wiring For Greater Control
WHERE TO USE UTP?
Modern structured cabling systems in new
construction
Installations with a high camera count
High Interference areas
Where there is existing structured cabling
School Campuses, Casinos, Hospitals,
Apartment
Warehouses, Entry Gates, Elevator
Parking Lot and Power Plant
Prisons and Traffic Control
Shopping Mall
WHERE TO USE UTP?
TRANSMISSION COMPARISONS
Smaller conductors
More flexible and dense
Color-coded
Superior interference immunity
Low cable costs
Easy Wiring
Active units built in transient protection
Active units built in ground loop lifting
Active unit built in gain control
Long range transmission (up to 2.4 KMS)
UTP TRANSMISSION RANGE
Color: 1.5
KM
B/W: 2 KM
UTP TRANSMISSION RANGE
TYPICAL
NAME BANDWIDTH APPLICATIONS NOTES
INSTRUCTION
Described in EIA/TIA-568.
10BASE-T and Unsuitable for speeds
Cat 3 UTP 16 MHz 100BASE- above 16 Mbit/s. Now
T4 Ethernet[9] mainly for telephone
cables
UTP TRANSMISSION RANGE
NAME TYPICAL
TYPICAL INSTRUCTION BANDWIDTH APPLICATIONS NOTES
NAME BANDWIDTH APPLICATIONS NOTES
INSTRUCTION
T Ethernet [9]
cable meets Cat5e
standards.
Enhanced Cat5.
10BASE-T and Common for current
Cat 3 UTP[9] 16 MHz[9] 100BASE-TX
100BASE-T4 Ethernet &
Described in EIA/TIA-568. Unsuitable
[9]
LANs.
for speeds above Same
16 Mbit/s. Now mainl
Cat 5e UTP 100 MHz 1000BASE-y for telephone cables[9]
construction as Cat5,
T Ethernet[9]
but with better testing
standards.
UTP TRANSMISSION RANGE
NAME TYPICAL
TYPICAL INSTRUCTION BANDWIDTH APPLICATIONS NOTES
NAME BANDWIDTH APPLICATIONS NOTES
INSTRUCTION
ISO/IEC 11801 2nd Ed.
Level 1 0.4 MHz
Telephone and modem (2002), ANSI/TIA 568-
Not described in EIA/TIA recommendat
lines
10GBASE- ions.B.2-1. UnsuitableMost commonly
for modern systems.
Cat 6 UTP 250 MHz [8]
T Ethernet installed cable in Finland
according to the 2002
standard EN 50173-1.
CAT-7
600MHz individually shielded pair cabling with
overall cable shield.
It was initiated by European market leaders
and standards bodies for 10 Gbps 100-m
Ethernet LAN applications with better crosstalk
control performance than CAT-6a.
AVAILABLE IN MARKET
(UTP)
CATEGORY 1/2/3/4/5/6/7
A specification for the type of copper wire
(most telephone and network wire is copper)
and jacks.
The number (1, 3, 5, etc) refers to the
revision of the specification and in practical
terms refers to the number of twists inside
the wire (or the quality of connection in a
jack).
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
CAT1
Typically used for telephone wire.
This type of wire is not capable of supporting
computer network traffic and is not twisted.
CAT1is also used by telco companies
providing ISDN and PSTN services.
In such cases the wiring between the
customer's site and the telcos network is
performed using CAT 1 type cable.
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
CAT2, CAT3, CAT4, CAT5/5e,CAT6 &
CAT 7
Network wire specifications.
This type of wire can support computer
network and telephone traffic.
CAT2 is used mostly for token ring networks,
supporting speeds up to 4 Mbps.
For higher network speeds (100 Mbps or
higher) CAT5e must be used, but for the
almost extinct 10 Mbps speed requirements,
CAT3 will suffice.
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
CAT3, CAT4 and CAT5
Cables are actually 4 pairs of twisted copper
wires.
CAT5 has more twists per inch than CAT3
therefore can run at higher speeds and greater
lengths.
CAT3 and CAT4 are both used for Token Ring
networks -- where CAT 3 can provide support
of a maximum 10Mbps, while CAT4 pushed
the limit up to 16Mbps. Both categories have a
limit of 100 meters.
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
CAT5 Wire
Later on replaced by the CAT5e
specification which provides improved
crosstalk specification, allowing it to support
speeds of up to 1Gbps.
CAT5e is the most widely used cabling
specification world-wide and unlike the
category cables that follow, is very forgiving
when the cable termination and deployment
guidelines are not met.
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
CAT6 wire
Originally designed to support gigabit
Ethernet, although there are standards that
will allow gigabit transmission over CAT5e
wire.
It is similar to CAT5e wire, but contains a
physical separator between the four pairs to
further reduce electromagnetic interference.
CAT6 is able to support speeds of 1Gbps for
lengths of up to 100 meters, and 10Gbps is
also supported for lengths of up to 55 meters.
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
CAT6A
Introduced as a higher specification cable
Offering better immunization to crosstalk
and electromagnetic interference.
CAT7
Newer copper cable specification
designed to support speeds of 10Gbps at
lengths of up to 100 meters.
SPECIFICATIONS
UTP CATEGORIES
(CAT3, CAT4, CAT5,
CAT5E, CAT6, AND
CAT7 CABLES)
TYPES OF UTP (IN TABLE)
Common for
Cat5 UTP 100MHz 100m 100Base-Tx,ATM,CDDI
current LANs
Common for
Cat5e UTP 100MHz 100m 1000Base-T
current LANs
Characteristic Impedance 100 ohms 15% 100 ohms 15% 100 ohms 15%