Connecting and Communication

Online

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 1
whole or in part.
Objectives Overview

Briefly describe Describe the

Discuss the various purpose of an IP
evolution of the broadband address and its
Internet Internet relationship to a
connections domain name
Describe
features of Describe ways to
browsers and compose
identify the effective search
components of a text
web address

See Page 56
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
2
for Detailed Objectives scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Objectives Overview

Explain how the

Explain benefits
Describe uses of web uses graphics,
and risks of using
various types of animation, audio,
online social
websites video, and virtual
networks
reality

Explain how email,

email lists, instant
messaging, chat Identify the rules
rooms, online of netiquette
discussions, VoIP,
and FTP work

See Page 56
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
3
for Detailed Objectives scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
The Internet

The Internet is a
worldwide
collection of
networks that
connects millions
of businesses,
government
agencies,
educational
institutions, and
individuals
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Pages 56 - 57 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 4
Figure 2-1 whole or in part.
The Internet

The Internet originated as ARPANET in

September 1969 and had two main
goals: Function even if
Allow scientists at
part of the
different physical
network were
locations to share
disabled or
information and
destroyed by a
work together
disaster

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 56 5
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
The Internet
Today
1969 Millions of
ARPANET hosts
becomes connect to
functional the Internet

1984
ARPANET has
more than
1,000
individual
computers
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 56 6
linked as
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Connecting to the Internet

With wired connections, a computer or

device physically attaches via a cable or
wire to a communications device
Computers without a communications
device can use a wireless modem or
other communications device that
enables wireless connectivity

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Page 58 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 7
whole or in part.
Connecting to the Internet

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Page 58 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 8
Figure 2-2 whole or in part.
Connecting to the Internet

Wired Wireless

Cable Internet Wi-Fi (wireless

service fidelity)
DSL (digital Mobile
subscriber line) broadband
Fiber to the Fixed wireless
Premises Satellite
(FTTP) Internet
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Page 59
Service
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in
whole or in part.
9
Connecting to the Internet

A hot spot is a wireless network that

provides Internet connections to mobile
computers and devices

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 59 - 60 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 10
Figure 2-3 whole or in part.
Connecting to the Internet

An Internet service provider (ISP) is

a business that provides individuals and
organizations access to the Internet free
or for a fee
Bandwidth represents the amount of
data that travels over a network
Megabyte (MB)
Gigabyte (GB)

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 58 11
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Connecting to the Internet

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 62 12
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-4
Connecting to the Internet

An IP address is a sequence of numbers that

uniquely identifies each computer or device
connected to the Internet
A domain name is a text-based name that
corresponds to the IP address
A DNS server translates the domain name into
its associated IP address

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 62 - 64 13
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-5
Connecting to the Internet

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 63 14
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Table 2-3
Connecting to the Internet

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 64 15
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-6
The World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (WWW), or web, consists

of a worldwide collection of electronic documents
(webpages)
A website is a collection of related webpages and
associated items
A web server is a computer that delivers
requested webpages to your computer
Web 2.0 refers to websites that provide a means
for users to share personal information, allow
users to modify website content, and provide
applications through a browser
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 65 16
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
The World Wide Web

A browser is an
application that
enables users with an
Internet connection
to access and view
webpages on a
computer or mobile
device
A home page is the
first page that a
website displays
Current browsers
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
typicallyor duplicated,
Pages 65 - 66
Figure 2-7
support or posted to a publicly accessible website, in
whole or in part.
17
The World Wide Web

A webpage has a unique address, called

a web address or URL

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 68 18
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-8
The World Wide Web

A web app is an application stored on a

web server that you access through a
browser
Web app hosts usually provide storage for
users data and information on their
servers, known as cloud storage

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 69 70 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 19
Figure 2-9 whole or in part.
Types of Websites

A web search engine is software that

finds websites, webpages, images,
videos, news, maps, and other
information related to a specific topic
A subject directory classifies webpages
in an organized set of categories, such
as sports or shopping, and related
subcategories

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 71 - 72 20
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Types of Websites

Search operators can help to refine your

search

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 72 21
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Table 2-4
Types of Websites

There are several types of websites

Online
Search Informational
social
engine and research
network

News,
weather,
Media
Bookmarking sports, and
sharing
other mass
media
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Pages 71 76 22
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Types of Websites

Business,
governmental,
Educational Blogs
and
organizational

Wiki and Health and

Science
collaboration fitness

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 77 79 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 23
whole or in part.
Types of Websites

Entertainm Banking Travel and

ent and finance tourism

Retail and
Mapping
auctions

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 79 82 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 24
whole or in part.
Types of Websites

Careers
and E-
employmen commerce Portals
t
Website
Content creation
aggregati and
on manageme
nt
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Pages 82 84 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 25
whole or in part.
Types of Websites

Web publishing is the creation and

maintenance of websites

Plan Design Create Host Maintai

the the the the n the
websit websit websit websit websit
e e e e e

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Page 84 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 26
whole or in part.
Digital Media on the Web

Multimedia refers to any application

that combines text with media
Graphic Animati
s on Audio

Virtual
Video Reality
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 85 27
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Digital Media on the Web

A graphic is a
visual
representation of
nontext
information
Graphic formats
include BMP, GIF,
JPEG, PNG, and
TIFF

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 85 86 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 28
Figure 2-22 whole or in part.
Digital Media on the Web

An infographic is a
visual
representation of
data and
information,
designed to
communicate
quickly, simplify
complex concepts,
or present patterns
or trends
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Page 86 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 29
Figure 2-23 whole or in part.
Digital Media on the Web

Animation is the appearance of motion

created by displaying a series of still
images in sequence

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 86 30
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Digital Media on the Web

Audio includes music, speech, or any other

sound
Compressed to reduce file size
You listen to audio on your computer using a
media player

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 86 - 87 31
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-24
Digital Media on the Web

Video consists of images displayed in motion

Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers
to simulate a real or imagined environment
that appears as a three-dimensional space

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 87 - 88 32
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-25
Digital Media on the Web

A plug-in, or add-
on, is a program
that extends the
capability of a
browser
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 88 33
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Other Internet Services

Email is the
transmission of
messages and files
via a computer
network
An email program
allows you to
create, send,
receive, forward,
store, print, and
delete email
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Page 88
messages
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in
whole or in part.
34
Other Internet Services

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 89 35
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-26
Other Internet Services

An email list is a group of email addresses

used for mass distribution of a message

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 90 36
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-27
Other Internet Services

Instant messaging services notify you

when one or more of your established
contacts are online and then allows you
to exchange messages or files or join a
private chat room with them

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 90 37
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-28
Other Internet Services
A chat is a real-time
typed conversation
that takes place on a
computer or mobile
device with many
other online users
A chat room is a
website or application
that permits users to
chat with others who
are online at the same
time
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Page 91 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 38
Figure 2-29 whole or in part.
Other Internet Services

An online discussion is an online area

in which users have written discussions
about a particular subject

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Page 91 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 39
Figure 2-30 whole or in part.
Other Internet Services

VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to

speak to other users via their Internet
connection

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Page 92 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 40
whole or in part.
Other Internet Services

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an

Internet standard that permits file
uploading and downloading to and from
other computers on the Internet
Many operating systems include FTP
capabilities
An FTP server is a computer that allows
users to upload and/or download files
using FTP
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 92 41
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Netiquette

Netiquette is the code of acceptable

Internet behavior

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 94 42
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Figure 2-31
Chapter Summary

Various
Evolution of types of
The web
the Internet websites
and media
Other
services
available Netiquette
on the
Internet
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 95 43
scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a
Communicating Digital
Content

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 44
whole or in part.
Objectives Overview

Discuss the purpose of

the components
required for successful Differentiate among Differentiate between
communications and LANs, MANs, WANs, client/server and peer-
identify various and PANs to-peer networks
sending and receiving
devices

Describe the various

Explain the purpose of network
communications communications
software standards and
protocols

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

See Page 450 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 45
for Detailed Objectives publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Objectives Overview

Describe Describe Discuss

various types commonly different ways
of used to set up and
communication communication configure a
s lines s devices home network
Differentiate Differentiate
among among
physical wireless
transmission transmission
media media

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

See Page 450 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 46
for Detailed Objectives publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications

Digital communications describes a

process in which two or more computers
or devices transfer data, instructions,
and information

Transmis
Sending Receivin
sion
device g device
media

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 450 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 47
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 451 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 48
Figure 10-1 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Networks

A network is a collection of computers

and devices connected together via
communications devices and
transmission media
Advantages
Facilitating of a network include:
Sharing data
Sharing Sharing
communicati and
hardware
ons information

Sharing Transferring
software funds

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 452 - 453 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 49
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Networks

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 452 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 50
Figure 10-2 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Networks

A local area
network (LAN) is
a network that
connects
computers and
devices in a limited
geographical area
A wireless LAN
(WLAN) is a LAN
that uses no
physical wires
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Pages 453 - 454 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 51
Figures 10-3 10-4 whole or in part.
Networks

A metropolitan area network (MAN) connects

LANs in a metropolitan area
A wide area network (WAN)
is a network that covers a
large geographic area
A personal area network
(PAN) is a network that
connects computers and
devices in an individuals
workspace with wired and
wireless technology
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 455 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 52
Figure 10-5 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Networks

The configuration of computers, devices, and

media on a network is sometimes called the
network architecture
Client/server network Peer-to-peer network

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 456 - 457 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 53
Figures 10-6 10-7 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Software

Communications software consists of

programs and apps that:
Help users
establish a Manage the
connection to transmission of
another computer, data, instructions,
mobile device, or and information
network

Provide an
interface for users
to communicate
with one another
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Page 457 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 54
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Network Communications Standards
and Protocols

Etherne Token
t ring TCP/IP Wi-Fi

Bluetoo
UWB IrDA RFID
th

NFC LTE

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 460 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 55
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Network Communications Standards
and Protocols

Ethernet is a network standard that specifies no

central computer or device on the network (nodes)
should control when data can be transmitted

The token ring standard specifies that computers

and devices on the network share or pass a special
signal (token)

TCP/IP is a network protocol that defines how

messages (data) are routed from one end of a
network to another
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Pages 460 - 461 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 56
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Network Communications Standards
and Protocols

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 461 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 57
Figure 10-8 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Network Communications Standards
and Protocols
Wi-Fi identifies any network based on the 802.11 standard that
specifies how two wireless devices communicate over the air with
each other
LTE is a network standard that defines how high-speed cellular
transmissions use broadcast radio to transmit data for mobile
communications
Bluetooth is a network protocol that defines how two Bluetooth
devices use short-range radio waves to transmit data
UWB (ultra-wideband) is a network standard that specifies how
two UWB devices use short-range radio waves to communicate at
high speeds with each other
IrDA transmits data wirelessly via infrared (IR) light waves
RFID is a protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to
communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an
animal, or a person
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Pages 462 - 465 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 58
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Network Communications Standards
and Protocols

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 465 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 59
Figure 10-9 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Network Communications Standards
and Protocols
NFC (near field communication) is a protocol, based
on RFID, that defines how a network uses close-range
radio signals to communicate between two devices or
objects equipped with NFC technology

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 466 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 60
Figure 10-10 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Lines

Dedica
ted Cable DSL
line
T-
ISDN FTTP Carrier

ATM
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be
Pages 466 - 468 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 61
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Lines

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 466 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 62
Table 10-2 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Lines

ADSL is a type of DSL that supports

faster downstream rates than upstream
rates

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 467 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 63
Figure 10-11 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices

A communications device is any type

of hardware capable of transmitting
data, instructions, and information
between a sending device and a
receiving device

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 468 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 64
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices

A broadband modem sends and

receives data and information to and
from a digital line
Cable DSL
mode mode
m m

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 468 - 469 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 65
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 469 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 66
Figure 10-12 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices

A wireless modem uses a mobile phone

providers network to connect to the
Internet wirelessly from a computer or
mobile device

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 469 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 67
Figure 10-13 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices
A wireless access point (WAP) is a central
communications device that allows computers and
devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves
or to a wired network

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 470 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 68
Figure 10-14 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices

A router connects
multiple computers
or other routers
together and
transmits data to
its correct
destination on a
network

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Page 471 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 69
Figure 10-15 whole or in part.
Communications Devices

Some routers provide additional

functionality:
Wireless router
Broadband router
Broadband wireless
router
Mobile broadband
wireless router

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 471 472 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 70
Figure 10-16 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications Devices

A network card enables a computer or

device that does not have built-in
networking capability to access a network
Available in a variety of styles

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 472 - 473 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 71
Figure 10-17 whole or in part.
Communications Devices

A hub or switch is a device that provides

a central point for cables in a network

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 473 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 72
Figure 10-18 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Home Networks

Many home users connect multiple

computers and devices together in a
home network

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 474 475 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 73
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Transmission Media
Transmission media
carries one or more
communications signals
Broadband media
transmit multiple signals
simultaneously
The amount of data,
instructions, and
information that can
travel over transmission
media sometimes is
called the bandwidth
Latency is the time it
takes a signal to travel
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
Page 476from oneorlocation
duplicated, orto
posted to a publicly accessible website, in 74
Figure 10-19 whole or in part.
Physical Transmission Media

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 477 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 75
Table 10-3 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Physical Transmission Media
Twisted-pair cable

Fiber-optic cable

Coaxial cable

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Pages 477 - 478 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 76
Figures 10-20 10-22 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Wireless Transmission Media

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 479 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 77
Table 10-4 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Wireless Transmission Media

Broadcast radio
is a wireless
transmission
medium that
distributes radio
signals through the
air over long
distances
Cellular radio is a
form of broadcast
radio that is in
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied

wide use for mobile

Pages 479 - 480
Figure 10-23 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in 78
whole or in part.
Wireless Transmission Media

Microwaves are radio waves that

provide a high-speed signal
transmission

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 482 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 79
Figure 10-24 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Wireless Transmission Media

A
communications
satellite is a
space station that
receives
microwave signals
from an earth-
based station,
amplifies it, and
broadcasts the
signal over a wide
2016 Cengage Learning. May not be scanned, copied
area toor any
Pages 482 - 483
Figure 10-25
duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in
whole or in part.
80
Wireless Transmission Media

A GPS (global positioning system) is a

navigation system that consists of one
or more earth-based receivers that
accept and analyze signals sent by
satellites in order to determine the
receivers geographical location

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 483 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 81
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Wireless Transmission Media

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 484 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 82
Figure 10-26 publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Summary

Various types of
Networks and network
Communications
communications architectures and
software
technologies standards and
protocols

Variety of physical
Several types of
transmission
communications
How to create a media and
lines and
home network wireless
communications
transmission
devices
media

2016 Cengage Learning. May not be

Page 485 scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a 83
publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.