BIOMETRIC VOTING

MACHINE
Done by: USING VEIN PATTERN BIOMETRICS
Rakesh Reddy
Manoj Kumar
Anusha

( B.Tech final year

Electrical & Electronics Engineering
JNTUACEA anantapur)
Topics Covered

Introduction to biometrics.
Current electoral scenario in India.
Need for change in present day technology of vote casting.
Structural Description.
Components and technology Equipped.
What makes Vein patterns stand out from rest of the biometrics?
Scope and limitations of the model.
CURRENT ELECTORAL SCENARIO IN INDIA

The population of Democratic INDIA is 1.252* Billion (as per official 2013
census) and is approximated to be 133.628 crores (Courtesy: Demographics of
India, SEPTEMBER 2016).
The count of legible voters in India is 814.5 Million (as per Election
Commission of India 2014 statistics).
ECI employs Electronic voting machines (EVM) to collect votes casted.
The EVMs were commissioned in 1989 byElection Commission of Indiain
collaboration withElectronics Corporation of India Limited. The Industrial
design of the EVMs were faculty members at the Industrial Design Centre,IIT
Bombay. The EVMs were first used in 1998 in the by-election toNorth Paravur
Assembly Constituency inKeralafor a limited number of polling stations.
HOW EFFICIENT ARE THE EVMS??

Recent incidents revealed that electronic voting machines are highly

vulnerable to fraud and bogus votes as currently there is no mechanism to
check the identity of a person with digital mechanism.(Most of the places
uses voter id verification).
The clip is from Times of India ,published on Aug 2014, about the FRAUD votes
present in our capital.
It is estimated that around 15% of bogus votes are still active in every
constituency of India ( consists of deceased person votes and multiple votes
for same person).
Any Alternate for the EVM??
Biometrics Play a key role in a person with his/her identity.
The current day EVMs should paired with a security device.
Various Biometrics
What makes Vein pattern to stand out
from the rest of Biometrics?
Highly Private; no Properties of latency.
Formed during foetus stage in Mothers womb itself and is fixed in his/her lifetime,
while other biometrics show some progress with physical growth.
Highly Secure; Not possible to lift or steal the vein pattern.
Very accurate.
Small to Moderately Sized readers (Palm readers as well as finger readers are
available).
Near Contactless, Hygienic.
High level of usability (exceeds 99.9% among most populations, while other biometrics
have usability slightly over 95%).
Very small size of the template is required(around 400 bytes, in contrast to 2Kb for Iris
template and 10Kb for voice template).
Comparison of traditional Biometric
modalities
RESISTANCE OF BIOMETRICS TO VARIOUS FEATURES
MODALITY ACCEPTANCE CIRCUMVENTION COLLECTABILITY PERMEANCE PERFORMANCE UNIQUENESS UNIVERSALITY

FACIAL H M H L L M H
FINGER M L M M M H M
PRINT
HAND M L H M L L H
GEOMETRY
IRIS M H M H H H M
KEY STROKE M L M L L L L
RETINA L H L H H H H
VEIN H H H M H H H
PATTERN
VOICE H L M L L L M
COMPONENTS OF BIOMETRIC VOTING
MACHINE
How does VPR module works??
Verification of the image
.

Sample template

Biometric Image
capture processing

Image

Biometric
Template
matching 97%
extraction
1:1
Storage device Enrollment Matching
( database) template score
Peculiarities of Vein Patterns

Very low False acceptance rate 0.05%.

Low false rejection rate of 0.1%.
Very high Usability rate >99.9%.
High permanence rates.(i.e., it doesnt vary with ageing unlike iris is effected
with glaucoma for older people).
Estimated cost of the equipment

The Near Infrared emitter and the charge coupled device camera are the core of
the model.
A ready made palm vein scanner by Fujitsu corp. Japan costs around 350$.
Assembling of low pixel density and low sensitive ccd will greatly optimises the
price.
A 16bit Microcontroller costs around 600 INR but with increase in size of the flash
memory required the price may shoots up.
 Existing applications with the same
technology
Several of Japan's major banks have been using palm and finger vein recognition
at cash points, rather than PIN and are confirming extraordinarily high standards
of accuracy, with false rejection rates of 0.01% and false acceptance rates of less
than 0.00008%.
Border securities in Turkey and other European countries are planning to cover
the borders with biometric check points (works with Vein pattern technology) in
order to prevent refugees from other counties.
Scope and Limitations

Equipping highly encrypted voting modules can greatly reduce fraud votes.
Greater flexibility in casting votes from any remote area of the world.
Direct sunlight or other ambient light can impact VPR systems thats why some
are limited to indoor purposes only, but it can be over come by proper
encapsulation.
Robust algorithm is required to process 1:n identification.
REFERENCES
VEIN PATTERN RECOGNITION: a privacy enhancing biometric by CHUCK WILSON.
] S. Pascual, J.E., Uriarte-Antonio, J., Sanchez-Reillo, R., and M. Lorenz.
Capturing Hand or Wrist Vein Images for Biometric Authentication Using Low-Cost
Devices. In Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-
MSP), 2010 Sixth International Conference on, pages 318 322, october 2010
THANK YOU