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General Discussion
In reactor design we want to know what size and type of reactor and method
of operation are best for a given job.
In effect, then, many factors must be accounted for in predicting the
performance of a reactor. How best to treat these factors is the main problem
of reactor design.
Type Of Reactor
Material Balance
The starting point for all design is the material balance expressed for any
reactant (or product).
Energy Balance
In nonisothermal operations energy balances must be used in conjunction
with material balances.
The material balance of Eq.1 and the energy balance of Eq. 2 are tied
together by their third terms because the heat effect is produced by the
reaction itself.
Since Eqs. 1 and 2 are the starting points for all design, we consider their
integration for a variety of situations of increasing complexity in the chapters
to follow.
Symbols and Relationship
Between CA and XA
0 : Total
Pressure
PA0 : Partial
Pressure
For the reaction aA + bB rR, with inerts iI, Figs. 4.4 and 4.5 show the symbols
commonly used to tell what is happening in the batch and flow reactors.
Symbols and Relationship
Between CA and XA
Special Case 1 - Constant Density Batch and Flow Systems
Special Case 2 - Batch and Flow Systems of Gases of Changing Density but
with T and Constant
Special Case 3 - Batch and Flow Systems for Gases in General (varying , T,
and )
Special Case 1 - Constant Density
Batch and Flow Systems
This includes most liquid reactions and also those gas reactions run at
constant temperature and density. Here CA and XA are related as follows :
A space-time of 2 min means that every 2 min one reactor volume of feed at
specified conditions is being treated by the reactor.