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CHEMICAL FORMULA
Sodium Hydroxide
ion
Na+ OH- ion
Zinc Carbonate
ion
Zn2+ CO32-
ion
Al 3+ PO43-
Na+ Cl-
Cl-
Na+ OH-
Na+
Total charge?
+1 + (-1) = 0
OH-
Zn2+ CO32-
Zn2+
Total charge?
+2 + (-2) = 0
CO32-
PO43-
Ratio number of cation and anion =
1:1
emical formula of aluminium phosphate : AlP
Sodium
carbonate
Na+ CO32-
odium ion charge: +1Carbonate ion charge: -2
Zn2+ OH-
Zn2+
OH- OH-
Al 3+ OH-
Al 3+ CO32-
Al3+ Al3+
CO32- CO32- CO32-
Zn 2+ PO43-
ionic charge +1 -2
no. of ion 2 1
H O H H
H + H H
H H
O O
O
Chemical equation
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)
2 H2O (l)
Example 2
Nitrogen + Hydrogen Ammonia
N2 H2 NH3
H H
N H
+ H H N N
H H H
N H H
H H
Chemical equation
Example 3
CH 4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H 2O
Example 4
Lead(II) nitrate + soodium sulphate lead(II) sulphate + sodium nitrate
H+
CO32-
H+ NO3- CO32- H+ NO3-
Al3+
H +
NO3- H+ NO3-
CO32-
H+ NO3-
H+ NO3-
Exercise 1
each equation, identify the reactant(s), product(s) and
state of each of them.
H2(g) + O2(g)
2 2H2O(l)
Mg(s) + HCl(aq) MgCl2 + H2(g)
2
aCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
l2(g) + 2
NaBr(aq) 2 NaCl(aq) + Br2(l)