Television

Picture
Television is basically a system for reproducing a
still picture such as a snapshot. However, the
pictures are shown one over the other fast enough to
give the illusion of motion.

Scanning: The scene is scanned rapidly both in the

horizontal and vertical directions simultaneously to
provide sufficient number of complete pictures or
frames per second to give the illusion of continuous
motion. Instead of the 24 as in commercial motion
picture practice, the frame repetition rate is 25 per
second in most television systems.
Horizontal scanning: Fig. 2.1 (a) shows the trace and retrace
of several horizontal lines. The linear rise of current in the
horizontal deflection coils (Fig. 2.1 (b)) deflects the beam across
the screen with a continuous, uniform motion for the trace from
left to right. At the peak of the rise, the sawtooth wave reverses
direction and decreases rapidly to its initial value.
Aspect ratio:

For standard definition (SD) television, the image is normally

broadcast with an aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of width-to-height
of 4:3 although the widescreen 16:9 format is also used by
several digital television broadcasters.

For high definition (HD) television, 16:9 is the specified

format.