Bloodborne Pathogens

Biological Safety Training

Prepared by: Atef El-Gendy, PhD
 Bloodbornepathogens

OSHA*Definitions
"Blood" means human blood, human blood
components, and products made from human
blood.

"Bloodborne pathogens" means pathogenic

microorganisms that are present in human blood
and can cause disease in humans. These
pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis
B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).

*(TheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration)
 Bloodborne Exposure FAQ

How Do I Know if I Have Had a Bloodborne

Exposure?

An exposure incident occurs when human

blood or other potentially infectious materials
enter your body by:
a splash to the eye, mouth, or other mucous
membrane
Contamination of non-intact (broken) skin
A puncture or cut with a sharp instrument
 Which Substances Might Transmit
Bloodborne Disease?
Blood or any body fluid or tissue containing
blood
amniotic, cerebrospinal, pericardial,
peritoneal, pleural, and synovial fluids
semen
vaginal secretions
human organs and unfixed tissues
breast milk
 Which Substances Do Not Transmit
Bloodborne Disease?
feces
nasal secretions
sputum
sweat
tears
vomitus
urine
saliva (very low risk for transmitting Hepatitis,
HIV)
 What Should I Do?
Provide immediate first aid:
go to nearest sink and scrub & bleed puncture or cut
wounds
Mechanical scrubbing with soap & water may prevent
virus from entering tissues.
Washing eyes with water or normal saline will aid the
tears in flushing the virus away.
Mucous membranes of nose & mouth should be
flushed with water if exposed to body substances.
Notify your supervisor or employer as soon as
possible.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

PPE will be chosen based on the anticipated

exposure to blood or other potentially infectious
materials. The PPE will be considered appropriate
only if it does not permit blood or other potentially
infectious materials to pass through or reach the
employees clothing, skin, eyes, mouth, or other
mucous membranes under normal conditions of use
and for the duration of time, which the protective
equipment will be used.
Biological Safety Cabinets
 Types of Biological Safety Cabinets

Biological safety
cabinets

Class I

Class II

Class III
 Class I Biological safety cabinets

Open fronted
Negative-pressure ventilated
cabinet
Provides only worker protection
NOT product protection

Ambient Air
Contaminated Air
 Class II Biological safety cabinets
- Negative-pressure ventilated cabinet
Provides HEPA-filtered, recirculated
airflow within the cabinet
Exhaust air is HEPA-filtered
Provides personnel and product protection
Types of Class II BSCs
Class II A: HEPA filtered air is discharged
into the room
Class II B: HEPA filtered air is discharged
out of the room
Class II A/B: Can be used either way.
Ambient Air
Contaminated Air
HEPA Filtered Air
 Class III BSC
1. Ventilated cabinet - totally enclosed
2. Gas tight construction
3. Operations are conducted through
attached rubber gloves.
4. Both supply and exhaust air are
HEPA-filtered
5. Provides both personnel and product
protection

Ambient Air
Contaminated Air
HEPA Filtered Air
HEPA Filter
Safe work habits in a Class II BSC

Laboratory coats and latex gloves should

always be used

Adjust the stool height so that your face is

above the front opening
 Safe work habits in a Class II BSC

The cabinet blower should be operated at

least 3 to 5 minutes before you begin work

Manipulation of materials should be

delayed for about 1 minute after placing
your hands and arms inside the cabinet

All manipulations should be at least 10 cm

from the front grille
Safe work habits in a Class II BSC

The front and back grilles should not

be blocked with equipment, notes,
supplies
 Safe work habits in a Class II BSC

Materials or equipment placed inside the

cabinet can disrupt airflow dont do this!

Frequent movement of your arms in and out

of the cabinet will disrupt the integrity of the
air barrier
 Safe work habits in a Class II BSC

Use a smaller biohazard bag in

the cabinet
 Safe work habits in a Class II BSC

Open flames (Bunsen burners) are not allowed in a

microbe-free environment of a BSC

Open flames actually creates turbulence that disrupts

the air flow
 Decontamination of BSCs

All surfaces should be wiped down with a disinfectant at the

end of any procedure

70% Ethanol (ETOH) is the most commonly used

disinfectant

Many people use 0.05% sodium hypochlorite (Clorox or

bleach) but remember this is very corrosive to stainless
steel, need to wipe off residual bleach with water