SUPERVISION

Meaning
The word is derived from two words super
means above & video means I see. In
other words, over seeing (or)
superindenting the work of others.
 Definition
1. It is defined as the authoritative direction
of the work of ones subordinates. It is
based on their hierachial organization in
which each level of subordinate to the one
immidiately above it and subject to its
orders.
-Basavanthappa
2. Supervision is defined as a cooperative
relationship between a leader and one or
more persons to accomplish a particular
purpose.
- Lambertson
3. Supervision is a kind of teaching which
involves, advising, helping, inspiring
leading and liberating.
- Jean Barrett.
 Objectives of supervision

1. To persist in the delivery of high quality

of health care services.
2. To assist and to help in the development
of staff to their highest potential.
3. To interpret the policies, objective, needs
etc.
4. To plan services cooperatively and to
develop coordination to avoid overlapping.
5. To develop standards of service and
method of evaluation of personnel and
services.
6. To assist in problem solving of the matters
concerning personnel, administrative and
operation of services.
7. To evaluate the services given.
 Needs for supervision in directing

The effectiveness of the workers depends

on the quality of work is directly related to
the degree of supervision.
Intensity of supervision should also
depend on supervisors and supervision
ratio.
Establish span of control.
 Functions of supervision

Administrative function.
Teaching.
Helping.
Linking.
Evaluation.
 Functions of supervision in directing
Orientation of newly posted staff
Assessment of the workload of individuals
and groups
Arranging for the flow of materials
Coordination of efforts
Promotion of effectiveness of workers
and social contact.
 Helping the individuals to cope
Facilitating the flow of communication.
Raising the level of motivation
Establishment of control
Development of confidence
Emphasis on achievement
Record keeping
 Principles
Supervision strives to make the ward a
good learning situation.
Supervision of graduate staff nurses
differs from that of students in general
respect.
Good supervision is well planned.
Objectives, methods of supervision and
criteria for judging.
 Good supervision helps the individual
nurse set up objectives.
It helps her to attain her objectives. It
stimulates her interest and effort.
It helps the nurse to make a pattern for
analysis and to analyze continuously her
success in reaching her objectives.
 Qualities of good supervisor
Thoroughness
Fairness
Initiative
Tact
Enthusiasm
Emotional control
Personal qualification
 Teaching ability
General outlook
Skill, knowledge and attitude required for
supervision
- Interpersonal & professional skills
- Professional and technical knowledge
- Attitude
 Techniques and tools for supervision

Common techniques are:

1. Observation
2. Supervisory rounds
3. Individual and group conferences
4. Chick list
5. Rating scales
6. Written policies, printed manuals,
bulletin records etc.
7. Reports written or verbal
8. Records including anecdotal records
9. Follow-up visits and evaluation
10. Staff meeting
11. In-service education