1.

Mammals are warm

blooded.
The weather could be cold or hot,but mammals
keep about the same body temperature. Warm
blood lets mammals be very active and live in a
wide variety of places.
Polar bears live in the cold, and camels live in hot
areas.Bats live in caves and fly, and dolphins
live in the ocean.

2. Mammals have hair, and

only mammals have hair.
 3. Mammals drink milk, so
mothers must take care of
babies.

4. Mammals have spines

(backbones). They are
called vertebrates.
 What is a bird?
Birds have beaks.
Birds lay eggs.
Birds have wings (but not all
birds can fly).
All birds have feathers, and
birds are the only type of
animal that have feathers.
Birds are vertebrates.
 What Are Reptiles?
Reptiles are cold blooded.
When they get hot, they must go in the
shade or water to cool their body
temperature.
When they are too cold, they must go in the
sun to warm up.

Reptiles skin are covered in scales.

Reptiles are vertebrates

Some examples of reptiles are: snakes,

 What Are Fish?
Fish have spines
(backbones). They are
vertebrates.
All fish have fins for
swimming.
All fish have gills for
breathing.
 What Are Amphibians?
Amphibians spend part of their lives living in water,
and part living on land.

Amphibians begin their lives living in water. They

breathe from the water with gills and swim with their
tails.

As they grow, they develop legs to walk and hop,

and lungs to breathe air.

Amphibians are cold-blooded (like reptiles).

Frogs, toads, salamanders and newts are some

examples.
 What are Arthropods?
85% of all animals are arthropods.

Arthropods have segmented bodies. Their bodies

have different sections.

Arthropods have many legs.

Arthropods have exoskeletons (their skeletons are on

the outside of their bodies / non-vertebrate).

Arthropods are cold-blooded (like reptiles and

amphibians)

Ants, spiders, mosquitoes, bees, butterflies, crabs,

prawn and lobsters are some examples of arthropods.
 How do you know something is
1. a mammal?

2. a reptile?

3. a bird?
 Information Report

Classification
Animal:
Animal Class:

How do you know?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
 Dont forget:

Turtles, alligators, snakes and

lizards are reptiles.

Salamanders, frogs, toads and

newts are amphibians.
 Whales, dolphins, humans,
seals and bats are
mammals.

Crabs, lobsters, insects and

arachnids are arthropods.
They are invertebrates /
non-vertebrates
 Birds must have only 2 feet.
All birds must lay eggs.
All birds have wings, but not all can fly.
Birds are warm-blooded.
Birds take care of their eggs and
babies.
Birds must have feathers and a
beak/bill.
 Warm-blooded keep the same body
temperature because they use energy from
inside their bodies to control it.

Cold-blooded cannot control body

temperature from inside. Body temperature is
the same as the temperature outside their
bodies. If they are hot, they go in the shade or
water. If they are cold, they go in the sun.
 Melting is when something solid changes to something
liquid because the solid is too hot.
Example: Solid water (ice) gets warm and changes to
liquid water.

Melting something and burning something with fire are not

the same.

Freezing is the opposite of melting.

Example: We freeze liquid water to make solid water
(ice).

Different materials melt and freeze at different

temperatures. For example, ice melts if it is warmer
than 0 Celsius, but steel melts at about 1500 Celsius.
 Why do things melt?
Things melt because of increasing heat.
Describe what you see when something
melts
The thing loses its shape when it changes
from solid to liquid. For example, an ice
cube becomes a puddle of water when it
melts.

Tell 5 things that you normally see melt.

Ice, ice cream, chocolate, butter, lava
(melted rock), cheese, metal, plastic, sand
(to make glass), wax (candles), snow, rubber
 If we put ice in a cup with cold
water, will the ice melt?
Yes, the ice will melt because
even very cold liquid water is
warmer than solid ice, so the
cold liquid water still adds heat
to the solid ice. (The liquid
water is above 0 Celsius, and
the solid ice is below 0 Celsius.
 Investigate what happens to
matter when we change the
temperature.

The size of the pieces of

chocolate

Measure/observe: how long it

takes the different sizes of
chocolate to melt
 Measure/observe: how long it
takes the different sizes of
chocolate to melt.

Same: shape of the pieces,

the kind of chocolate,
temperature change at the
same rate
 Heat
Heat is the measure of how hot
something is.
We use temperature to measure heat.
We use thermometers to measure
temperature in Fahrenheit or Celsius.
Heat moves from one type of matter to
another.
For example, a heater warms up the air,
and the air warms up us.
Heat moves from the heater to the air,
then the air to our bodies.
 A lizard on warm rocks:
1. The sun heats up the rocks, air and the
lizard.
2. The rocks and air heat up the lizard.

A metal spoon in hot tea:

1. The heat moves from the tea to the spoon.

Frying pan on a stove:

Heat moves from the stove to the pan.

Walking on hot sand:

Heat moves from the sand to the feet.
 Heat Sources
Heat Sources are things that make
heat by themselves.
Friction, electricity and burning are 3
heat sources.

Friction is the force of 2 things

rubbing or sliding against each other.
When you rub your hands together to
keep warm, friction is what makes
the heat and warms you up.
 Friction is the force of 2 things
rubbing or sliding against each other.
When you rub your hands together to
keep warm, friction is what makes the
heat and warms you up.

Burning is when something is on fire,

and fire creates heat.

Electricity is energy that flows from

the movement of electric charge
(electrons).
 Insulators are not heat sources, but they
keep things warm. An insulator is
something that can keep heat inside. It is
not easy for heat to escape from a good
insulator. Heat moves slowly through an
insulator.

Conductors do not hold heat well. They

pass heat very quickly. They heat up
quickly, and they cool down quickly when
we remove the heat source.
 1. Make 3 equal sections in your
notebook vertically.
2. Paste the objects into the correct type
of heat source

Electricity

Friction

Burning