Severan Dynasty

193 - 235 CE
Geography
Geography
Government
 EMPERORS

Septimius Severus
Caracalla
Geta
Macrinus
Elagabalus
Alexander Severus
 SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS

Born in Laptis Magna, Africa.

Born in 146 CE, died in 211 CE
First emperor of severan dynasty
 CARACALLA AND GETA

Septimius Severus son

Control severan dynasty at the
same time (also with his father).
Caracalla killed his brother, Geta
 TONDO PORTRAIT OF THE
SEVERAN FAMILY

Septimius Serverus, Julia

Domna, Geta, and Caracalla.

Getas face has been erased

in what was called damnation
memoriae.

Caracalla was the person who

murdered Geta.
 ALEXANDER SEVERUS

208 - 235 CE
He is a grandchild of Julia Maesa.
Last emperor of severan dynasty.
Start of Crisis of the Third Century.
He was killed by military
Senate
 The Senate

Transferred all electoral powers from the assemblies to

the senate, while theoretically the senate elected new
magistrates, the approval of the emperor was always
needed before an election could be finalized.
Currency
 Currency

Perhaps the most important aspect of Septimius Severuss rule,

however, was the army. The higher cost of this expanded military
fell on the Roman taxpayers, and Severus also devalued the
Roman currency to offset the cost. He decreased the silver content
in coins and added less valuable metals like bronze or copper.
Pertinax (193 CE)
Didius Iulianus (193 CE)
Pescennius Niger (193-194
CE)
Septimius Severus (193-211
CE)

Septimius Severus, a native of Leptis Magna, Africa

was proclaimed emperor by his troops after the
murder of Pertinax. He is at the same time credited
with strengthening and reviving an empire facing
imminent decline and, through the same policies
that saved it, causing its eventual fall.
Carcalla (210-217 CE)
Geta (198-212 CE)
Geta (198-212 CE)
Macrinus (217-218 CE)
Elagabalus (218-222 CE)
Severus Alexander
(222-235 CE)
Colonies
 Africa (202 CE)

In late 202 CE Severus launched a campaign in the province of Africa. The

legate of Legio III Augusta Quintus Anicius Faustus had been fighting
against the Garamantes along the Limes Tripolitanus for five years,
capturing several settlements from the enemy over 600 km south of Leptis
Magna.
 Britain (208 CE)

In 208 CE Severus traveled to Britain with the intention of conquering

Caledonia. Modern archaeological discoveries have made the scope and
direction of his northern campaign better understood. Severus probably
arrived in Britain possessing an army over 40,000, considering some of the
camps constructed during his campaign could house this number.
Military
 Military

Roman army evolved, changing in time, adapting to new

challenges.
Armies need to be men. No women
Most soldiers in the Roman Empire came
from countries outside Italy, such as,
Africa, France, Spain and the Middle East.
They used gladius (sword) and
pilum (javelin) as the weapon.
In this peroid, there were lots of battles.
 Military

Battle of Issus (194)

Battle of Lugdunun (197)
Roman invasion of Caledonia (208-210)
Roman-Parthian Wars (230)
Cities
Leptis Magna
today Khoms, Libya

It was expanded under

Septimius Severus who was a
native of this city.
It was one of the most
beautiful cities with its imposing
public monuments and others.
After 235 CE, when trade
declined precipitously, Leptis
Magnas importance also fell into
a decline.
Rome

Capital of Ancient Rome

Rome is also called the
Caput Mundi that means
capital of the world
Rome got influence of
architectural forms and
techniques from Leptis
Magna
Rome
 Circus Maximus

The Circus Maximus was first

laid out in 599 BCE - 500
BCE
64 CE - Fire destroyed
65 CE - Circus Maximus was
rebuilt
Public events such as Roman
Games and gladiator fights and
chariot races in the 6th
cebtury CE
Architecture
 Architecture

In 203 CE, the triumphal arche of Septimius Severus appeared

and still stand today.
The arch is stand in northwest entrance to the Roman forum,
and it is leading into the city of Leptis Magna.
 The Arch of Septimius
Severus

The Arch is located at the city of Leptis Magna in

the southern.
The Northern face of this arch is faced to the Oea.
The Arch was built for the victories of the emperor.
Gladiators
 Gladiators

The gladiator is a fighter who use specified weapons that fight in

the public in the big arenas. In 200 CE, Roman Emperor in
severan dynasty Septimius Severus wrote the law that women
cant fight in gladiator contests.
Art
 ROMAN ART

Include architecture, painting, sculpture and mosaic work.

Almost the same as Greek style.
Between the third style and fourth style.
2 types 1. Plebeian art - Made by Roman nonelites.
2. Provincial art - Made by Roman citizen.
Language
 Language

Official language of Roman Empire is Latin and

Greek.
Latin was spreadly in the West of Roman Empire, and
almost of the military.
In 212 CE, Roman citizens were lacked Latin
language, they were expected to gain a emblem
knowledge and Latin is the marker language of
Roman.
Inventions
 INVENTIONS

Pewter
Dam
Bridge
Ship
Animal and water powered rotary mills

The Crisis of the Third Century
Geography
Geography
 The Crisis of the Third
Century
235-284 CE

*began with the assassination of Severus Alexander by his

soldiers*

Cause of the crisis

cowardice of Severus Alexander
Effects
the increased importance of the soldiers
lots of civil war
the economic depression
The Crisis of the Third
Century
empire split