INTRODUCTION

Vehicle skid can be defined as the loss of traction between a vehicles

tyres and the road surface due to the forces acting on the vehicle.
Skids can occur both in the dry and wet as well as icy conditions,
however, the chances of losing control and having an accident
increases by 50% in the wet.
To counter these skids and to prevent accidents from happening,
Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) is incorporated in the vehicle. Vehicle Skid
Control (VSC) takes the safety aspects of the driver and the vehicle to
the next level.
Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) senses the onset of traction loss and helps
the driver stay on track. This is achieved via the system's ability to
reduce engine power and to control the brake actuator.
 SKID CONTROL
Stability control systems or skid control system perform the task to
sense the onset of traction loss and keep the driver on track.
A vehicle skid control system actually detects when a driver has
lost some degree of control. It then automatically stabilizes the
vehicle to help the driver regain control.
These skid control systems are often integrated with the engine
management system to cut power in even more tricky situations.
This scenario is a complex system of sensors and microprocessors
that continually monitor the vehicle for any signs of instability. Once
detected (usually in the form of a slide or skid), the system
automatically applies selective braking to specific wheels thereby
stabilizing the vehicle.
 COMPONENTS OF VSC
The main components of the Vehicle Skid Control are:
1. Yaw rate sensor.
2.G-sensor.
3. Steering angle sensor.
4. Electronic throttle control.
5. Slip indicator.
All these are integrated into a single unit such that they
prevent skidding of the vehicle even when the driver is
not stable.
 YAW RATE SENSOR
Yaw rate sensors detect changes in the car's rotation in a left
or right direction. It keeps track of the direction in which the
car is moving relative to which way the driver is turning the
steering wheel.
When the sensors detect understeer or oversteer, a computer
takes over and applies brakes or controls power to one or both
the drive wheels, so that the car comes under control.
The system is programmed to respond to a wide variety of
scenarios and is so selective that it can apply only the brake
on one specific wheel if that's what is needed to regain
control.
 G-SENSOR
The G-sensor or gravity sensor determines if the car is
accelerating or decelerating, cornering and braking forces
simultaneously while the car is on the move and accordingly
controls the throttle.

STEERING ANGLE SENSOR

The purpose of a steering position sensor is to monitor input from
the drivers steering, including the rate that the driver turns the
wheel and the steering wheel angle.
The stability control system can use the information to enhance
braking, handling and traction as driving conditions change.
 ELECTRONIC THROTTLE
CONTROL
Electronic throttle control reduces the throttle for 1/7th
of a second, to control the wheel spin, when the front or
rear wheels lose traction.

 WORKING
The heart of all these systems is a central processor that takes
information from a number of sensors, and then determines
whether the car is in a stable or unstable state.
By combining the data's from ABS sensors (for wheel speed),
steering angle sensors, yaw sensors (measuring the amount a car
fishtails, or rotates around its vertical center axis), and lateral
force sensors (measuring the amount of sideways g-force
generated by the car), the central processing unit can actually
detect when a vehicle is behaving in a way contrary to how the
driver intends.
VSC also includes a slip indicator with a warning sound and light
to alert the driver that the tyres are about to exceed the grip limit.