PRINSIP PROMOSI

KESEHATAN

Presented by:
Yayi Suryo Prabandari
Department of Public Health
The University of Gadjah Mada 2012
Objectives of session
Understand the concept of health promotion
Comprehend the role of WHO in developing
health promotion and its history
Health promotion model
References of session
Bartholomew, LK., Parcel, GS., Kok, G., &
Gottlieb, NH. 2006 Planning Health Promotion
Program. San Fransisco: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
(Chapter 2, 3 & 4)
Fertman, CI., & Allensworth, DD. 2010 Health
Promotion Programs-from Theory to Practice.
San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass
Click icon to add picture

Pengertian Promosi Kesehatan

Apa itu Promosi Kesehatan?

Penyuluhan?
Membuat leaflet?
Petugas mobil film keliling?
Promosi Kesehatan
Promosi kesehatan merupakan
kombinasi proses perubahan yang
ditujukan pada pendidikan, organisasi,
ekonomi dan lingkungan yang
mendukung kesehatan
Promosi Kesehatan
Promosi kesehatan adalah proses advokasi
kesehatan yang dilaksanakan untuk
meningkatkan kemungkinan:
personal (individu, keluarga & masyarakat),
swasta (profesional dan bisnis) serta
pemerintah (nasional, propinsi, lokal)
untuk mendukung praktek kesehatan
positif menjadi norma sosial.
 Promosi Kesehatan:
8

Health promotion is the process

of enabling people to increase
control over, and to improve
their health

(The Ottawa Charter, 1986)

PROMOSI KESEHATAN SEHAT

Health (kesehatan):
The physical social emotional & spiritual well being of

the individual (the ability to function, absence of

disease & longevity)
WHO (1947, cit Fertman & Allensworth, 2010) :

Is a state of complete physical, mental & social well

being and is no merely the absence of disease or
infirmity
Arnold & Breen (2006, cit Fertman & Allensworth,
2010):
Health is not only well being, but also a balanced state,
growth, functionally, wholeness, transcendence and
empowerment as resource
 HEALTH
Health Promotion
PROMOTION
Planned changed of health
INTERA related lifestyles and life
CTION* conditions through a Population
variety of individual and
Individual level
environment changes
Level
Life
Behavioral conditions
choices
Lifestyles Physical and
psychososial
environments
Health Political
Education Action
Social
Marketing Community
Mass Organization
Communicatio Improved Health and Well-
Community
n Being of Individuals, Developmen
Families, Schools, t
Workplaces, Health Care
Organizations and
Communities
*Adapted from ONeill & Stirling, 2007, cit. Fertman & Aleensworth, 2010
 Ecological Health Perspective: Level of
Influence (McLeroy, Bibeau, Steckler, & Glanz, 1988, cit. Fertman & Allensworth, 2010)
Concept Definition
Intrapersona Individual characteristics thar influence
l level behavior, such as knowledge, attitude,
beliefs, and personality traits
Interpersona Interpersonal processes and primary
l level groups, including family, friends, and peers
that provide social identity, support and
role definition
Population Institutional Rules, regulations, policies, and informal
level factors structures that may constrain or proote
recommended behaviors
Social Social networks and norms or standards
capital that may be formal or informal among
factors individuals, groups or organizations
Public Local, state and federal policies and laws
policy that regulate or support healthy actions
factors and practices for prevention, early
detection, control and management of
 Promosi kesehatan, promosi kesehatan
dan prevensi penyakit
12

Promosi kesehatan berusaha mendorong

ke arah kesejahteraan dan berorientasi
pada aktualisasi potensi manusia,
sehingga dibuat menarik.
Proteksi kesehatan diarahkan pada
keinginan untuk menghindari penyakit
secara aktif, untuk mendeteksi dini atau
memelihara fungsi kehidupan dengan
keterbatasan karena sakit.
 Promosi kesehatan, promosi
kesehatan dan prevensi penyakit
13
Prevensi penyakit sama dengan proteksi kesehatan,
melakukan kegiatan untuk mencegah proses penyakit
dengan menemukan cara untuk memodifikasi
lingkungan, perilaku dan ketahanan badan, sehingga
proses penyakit tereliiminasi, pelan atau berubah
(Parse, 1987, cit. Gorin & Arnold, 2006)
Perbedaan konsep terletak pada motivasi yang
ditawarkan untuk perilaku tertentu sebagai
bagian dari individu atau populasi (Pender,
2006, cit. Green, 2006) Promosi
kesehatan lebih luas daripada sekedar terhindar
dari penyakit, tetapi sehat secara keseluruhan
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15 PERAN WHO
 Health for All (1978)
16

The main social target of governments,

international organizations and the world
community in the coming decades
should be the attainment by all peoples
of the world by the year 2000 a level of
health that will permit them to lead a
socially and economically productive life
 Primary health care (1978)
17

Includes, at least education concerning

prevailing health problems and the
methods of preventing them and
controlling them.. Involves all related
sectors.demands the coordinated efforts
of all those sectors and requires and
promotes maximum community and
individual self reliance and participation in
the planning, organization, operation and
control of primary health care
Di Indonesia mulai PUSKESMAS
 Targets for health for all 2000
(1986)
18

Lifestyles and health

Risk factors affecting health and the
environment
Reorientation of the health care system
The infrastructure support necessary to
bring about the desired changes in these
three areas
Ottawa Chatter Jakarta Declaration
on leading HP (WHO,
for HP (WHO, 1986) 1997)
Develop healthy public
policy Promote social
Develop personal skills responsibility of health
Strengthen community Increase investment for
health developments in all
action sectors
Create supportive Consolidate and expand
environments partnerships for health
Reorient health Increase community
service capacity and empower
individuals
Secure an infrastructure
for health promotion
Bangkok Declaration
2005
Promote social responsibility
for health
Increase investment for
health development
Consolidate and expand
partnerships for health
Increase community
capacity and empower the
individual health promotion I
carried out by and with
people
Secure an infrastructure for
health to secure an
infrastructure for health
promotion, new mechanisms
of funding it locally,
nationally and globally must
be found
 Skenario utk Promosi Kesehatan Global
2020
20

Modest growth: health for many

Hard times: health for a few
Healthy communities, healthty markets:
health for all
Your choice
The Mission of 2020 Healthy People
Initiative (The Secretarys Advisory Committee on National Health Promotion and Disease Pfevention Objectives for
2010, 2009, cit Fertman & Allensworth, 2010)

Identify nationwide health improvement priorities

Increase public awareness and understanding of
determinants of health, disease, and disability and
the opportunities for progress
Provide measurable objectives and goals that are
applicable at the national, state, and local levels
Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen
policies and improve practices that are driven by the
best available evidence and knowledge
Identify critical research, evaluation and data
collection needs
The Vission of 2020 Healthy People Initiative
(The Secretarys Advisory Committee on National Health Promotion and Disease Pfevention Objectives for 2010, 2009, cit Fertman &
Allensworth, 2010)

Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury

and premature death
Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities and
improve the health of all groups
Create social and physical environments that
promote good health for all
Promote healthy development and healthy
behaviors acrosss every stage of life
HEALTH PROMOTION STEPS AND
FRAMEWORK
 Tahapan Promosi Kesehatan
24

Analisis kebutuhan
(studi epidemiologi, perilaku dan intervensi yang pernah dilakukan)
Penilaian target (kelompok mana yg paling
berpotensi)

Evaluasi Perencanaan
Program

Implementasi
 Kerangka untuk Promosi
Kesehatan (Keleher, MacDougall & Murphy, 2007)

INTERVENSI
Lini bawah Lini atas

Prevensi Strategi Edukasi Pengembang Perubahan

penyakit Komunikasi kesehatan an infrastrukt
dan kesehatan ur dan
pemberdaya dan sistem
an komunitas
Primer Informasi Pengetahuan Keterlibatan Kebijakan
kesehatan
Sekunder Pemahaman Pengembanga Legislasi
Kampanye n komunitas
Tersier perubahan Pengembanga Perubahan
perilaku n organisasi
keterampilan
Pelayanan Pendekatan gaya hidup Pendekatan
primer dan perilaku ekologis
Thanking you for the
attention