INCUBATORS

BY
VAISHNAVI K
D3 BIO-TECH
ROLL NO :13
 INCUBATOR
Incubator is used to kept culture microbes at constant
temperature conditions .
It was invented by Fe Del Mundo the first Filipino &the
first women study to study at Harvard medical school .
The incubator has double doors. The inner door is made
up of glass to facilitate viewing of contents .
Without opening the door &letting the outside air in
.thus in an incubator microbes can be cultured at
optimum conditions required for growth .
Fluorescent light may be provided for culture requiring
light for growth .
More elaborate incubators can be also include ability to
control humidity or co2 level .
The maximum temperature for sterilization is 200 C .
 Principle of incubator
An incubator comprises a transparent chamber and the
equipment that regulates its temperature, humidity, and
ventilation.
The principle uses for the controlled environment provided
by incubators included hatching poultry eggs and caring for
premature or sick infants,&, the cultivation and
manipulation of microorganism for medical treatment and
research.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION
OF AN INCUBATORS
The incubator should be large enough 50-200 L (1.5-
6 ft ) .
It should have forced air circulation, temperature control to with in
+_ 0.2 C
A safety thermostat that cuts off if the incubator overheats .it is first
thermostat fails .
The incubators should be resistant to corrosion( eg :stainless
steel)&easy to cleaned ,
A double chamber it stacked one above the other it regulated to
one large incubator because it accommodate more cultures with
better temperature control .
Many incubator have a heated water jacket to distribute heat evenly
through the cabinet it avoiding the formation of cold spots .
 Incubator shelving is usually perforated to facilitate the circulation
of air for cell distribution in monolayer cultures with variations in
cell density .
TYPES OF INCUBATORS
A. AEROBIC CULTURE JAR
. It is a steel, glass or polycarbonate jar used to culture
anaerobic microbes .
. The cover is fitted with two needle valves for
evacuation & a sachet containing a catalyst placed
inside it .
. The sachet is also known as gas pack &contain
chemicals which consumes oxygen & generate
anaerobic conditions .
B BACTERIOLOGICAL INCUBATOR
. It have applications in fields of medical ,agricultural.
Industrial & research laboratories .
. The structures are very sturdy double walled units with
an outer chamber which is made up of a thick PCRC
sheet duly degreased & treated for dust proofing .
 Inner chamber is made up of a high-grade stainless
steel the walls is filled with a high grade glass wool
,beaded elements of nichrome & aluminum wire are
placed at bottom of chamber to provide uniform
heating .
Temperature range 5C above ambient to 80C with three heat
switches .
aerobic culture jar
bacteriological incubator
C ORBITAL SHAKING INCUBATOR
It is specifically designed to have combined
advantage of costly controlled incubation
Orbital shaking necessary for procedures such as
tissue cultures, fermentation studies of enzyme
reaction
Brushers incubation drive motor with frequency drive
for continuous non-stop operations .
Temperature + 5C up to 60 c
Equipped with time proportionate digital temperature controller
with an accuracy level of +_ 0.5C
ORBITAL SHAKING INCUBATOR
MEMMERT INCUBATOR
Triple walled unit
Outer chamber of mild steel with powder coating gap
between the two walls filled with glass wool insulation
Heaters are placed at the right& left side of the inner
chamber
Air ventilation is placed on top of both sides to
remove heat gases &fumes .
Control switch &pilot lamps are fitted on front panel.
I. MEMMERT COOLED STORAGE INCUBATOR
. It is designed specifically for storing
samples , do not required a compressor
. Volume from 32-749 liters 7 intuitive &
easy to use operating menu
. Almost exclusive use of high quality,
corrosion-resistant & easy to cleanable
stainless steel for working chamber
. A wide range of options for programming &
documentation using interfaces .
ii COMPRESSOR COOLED INCUBATOR
Temperature range from up to +60 C
Very good air circulation in working chamber with
ventilation technology .
Double doors standard for all models : prevention of
contamination & drop in temperature at the same time
optimum view of the sensitive load through wide
area interior glass doors .
iii PELTIER COOLED INCUBATOR
Excellent control ability 7 small control
fluctuations
Low vibration operation & impressive
energy saving provide the added valve from
this prefect adaptation of . peltier
technology
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
INCUBATOR (BOD)
Bod incubator are often called low-temperature
incubators it most important lab equipment in research .
It is come in various sizes & capauties from 36 to 1000
liters .
This incubators are equipped with mechanical convention
system to ensure even air distribution ,over load
protection system .
Digital temperature controller & safety high & low limit
controls .
They have application in filed of medical, agricultural,
industrial , research centers culture of bacteria ,various
industries .
safety thermostat & cfc free refrigerant
Providing fast & accurate result .
 CONSTRUCTION OF BOD
INCUBATOR
Bod incubators are made with double walled
construction &fully insulated with polyurethane form
to reduce running costs .
The internal chamber is made of high grade corrosion
resistant stain steel
The exterior chamber is made up of high grade mild
steel with powder coated finish.
SHELVES : Each bod incubator is delivered with
number of shelves to keep the objects in the unit .
The number of these shelves may vary with size or
model generally 2 to 5 shelves are provided .
These shelves are made of aluminum sheet or
stainless steel with polished layer .
 COOLING: Cooling quality is one of the important
factors that need to be checked before choosing any
incubator
Effective cooling CFC free refrigerants are used .
DOORS ; the door are available in glass or solid doors
glass door is more comfortable for easy viewing of
objects inside to be researched
SAFETY : Various safety equipments like over current
protections ,leakage breaker ,& temper proof controls.
TEMPERATURE RANGE: THE BOD Incubators come in
temperature ranges from o c at 60 C with temperature
accuracy of 0.1C AT 20 C & uniformity of 0.5 C at 20C .
The temperature is totally microprocessor controlled for accurate
temperature rating .
 CO2 INCUBATOR
The cultures can be incubated in sealed flasks in a
regular dry incubator .
This incubator is very more expensive but their case
of use & superior control of co2 tension &
temperature, justify the expenditure .
Air is circulated around the incubator by natural
convection or by using a fan to keep both the co2
level & temperature uniform .
A controlled atmosphere is achieved by using a
humidifying tray & controlling co2 tension with c02
monitorinc device ,which draw air from the incubator
into a sample chamber ,
Determines the concentration of co2 & inject pure co2
into the incubator to make up any deficiency.