Port State Control

Seminar 42
Ljubljana, 6-9.06.2006

MARPOL
Annex II
Regulations for the Control of
Pollution by Noxious Liquid
Substances carried in Bulk
 Carriage of chemicals in bulk
covered by regulations:
SOLAS Chapter VII - Carriage of dangerous
goods
MARPOL Annex II - Regulations for the Control of
Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk.
Both Conventions require chemical tankers
built after 1 July 1986 to comply with the
International Code for the Construction and
Equipment of Ships carrying Dangerous
Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code).

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 MARPOL Annex II Scope
Prevention of pollution of the sea by
any non-oil bulk liquid cargo

Annex II applies to any type / size of ship

carrying liquid non-oil cargo in bulk
Requirements for prevention of operational
pollution are given directly in Annex II
Requirements for prevention of accidental
pollution are given in the Chem Code
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 Revised MARPOL Annex II
adopted MEPC 52, 01.11.2004
Entry in force 01.01.2007

NO

NONSENSE WITH

NOXIOUS LIQUID SUBSTANCES

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 Principles of Annex II
Reduce quantity of residue to acceptable
level by efficient stripping and, in some
cases, by prewash with delivery to
reception facility
Remaining residues may be discharged to
the sea in a way providing efficient dilution
/ mixing in the sea
Requirements are assigned for each
individual product
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 Principles of Annex II .
Each individual product to be listed in
the Certificate by:
Pollution Category, and
Ship Type requirement

assigned based on the products

GESAMP Hazard Profile

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 GESAMP

IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/
IAEA/UN/UNEP:
Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific
Aspects of Marine Environmental
Protection (GESAMP)
Its principal task is to provide scientific
advice concerning the prevention, reduction
and control of the degradation of the
marine environment to the Sponsoring
Agencies. 7
 GESAMP
re-evaluation of chemicals
In addition to the revision of Annex II, the
marine pollution hazards of thousands of
chemicals have been re-evaluated by the
Evaluation of Hazardous Substances
Working Group, giving a resultant GESAMP2
Hazard Profile which indexes the substance
according to its bio-accumulation, bio-
degradation, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity,
long-term health effects, and effects on
marine wildlife and on benthic habitats.

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 Principles of Annex II ..
Annex II substances are assigned to:

Pollution Categories
Previous: A, B, C, D, III
Revised: X, Y, Z, OS

Ship Types
1, 2, 3, N/A
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 GHS & MARPOL Annex II

Aligned with the Globally Harmonized

System for Classification and

Labeling of Chemicals
An activity which resulted from UN Rio
Conference (1992) Agenda 21

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 The GHS:

A Globally Harmonized
System for Hazard
Classification and
Labelling of Chemicals
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 Annex II Revisions summary

Editorial improvements, Simplification

Adaptation to the revised GESAMP procedure
Reduced the number of categories
Simplification of operational requirements
Fewer non-regulated substances
Reduction of legal discharges
Keeping up with technical development
Adaptation to the Global Harmonized System
(GHS)

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 Annex II Revisions summary .
Inconsistencies with annex I
Oil-Like does no longer exist (effect
for IOPP Certificate)
Requirements of P & A Standards
incorporated in Annex II regulations
Requirements for P & A Manual clarified
Stripping requirements clarified /
formalised

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 Revised requirements
Operational requirements for the
individual substances,
Therefore:
Applicable to all (both new and existing)
ships
Applicable from the set date:
1.01.07.2007
Replaces current requirements

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 Substantial revised requirements
New pollution categorization system
New ship type requirements
Stricter stripping requirements for new ships
Simplification of requirements and procedures

Therefore:
Re-categorization required for all products
No Annex II cargo may be carried unless
Categorized and Assessed

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 IBC Code
To minimize the risks to ships, their crews and the
environment, the Code prescribes the design and
construction standards of ships and the equipment
they should carry, with due regard to the nature of
the products involved and provides an international
standard for the safe carriage by sea of dangerous
and noxious liquid chemicals in bulk.
In December 1985, by resolution MEPC.19(22), the Code
was extended to cover marine pollution aspects and
applies to ships built after 1 July 1986.
Ships carrying substances identified in chapter 17 of the
IBC Code must follow the requirements of the Code.
Older Chemical tankers, if any, shall shall be constructed,
fitted, equipped, arranged and operated in accordance
with the requirements relevant to it of Chapters IIVI
inclusive of the BCH Code (November 1973)

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 IBC Code ammendments
Ammended by resolutions
MEPC.119(52) and MSC.176(79)
The amendments incorporate revisions to
the categorization of certain products
relating to their properties as potential
marine pollutants as well as revisions to
ship type and carriage requirements
following their evaluation by the
Evaluation of Hazardous Substances
Working Group.
enter into force on 1 January 2007
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 Certification of Cargoes
Allnon-oilcargoes carried in bulk are classified
by the International Maritime Organization
(IMO) and/or the vessels flag state.
The carriage requirements for a product are
then determined by these entities using the
guidelines set forth by GESAMP and IMO.
The bulk carriage of any liquid product other
than those defined as oil (subject to MARPOL
Annex I) is prohibited unless the product has
been evaluated and categorised for inclusion
in Chapter 17 or 18 of the IBC Code.

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 Re -asigned Pollution Categories
by
GHS (Globally Harmonized System)
for evaluation of chemicals
New GESAMP Hazard Evaluation
Procedure and Profile
Change from 5 to 4 Categories
New Guidelines for assigning
Pollution Categories

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 Result:
Most Cat. A become Cat. X
Most Cat. B + Cat. C become Cat. Y
Most Cat. D + App. III become Cat. Z
Some few App. III become OS
Veg oils become Cat. Y

Almost all Ch. 17 or Ch. 18 products will require

Chem Code CoF or NLS Certificate

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 Certification of Cargoes
If regulated by the IBC Code those
cargoes must be authorised for carriage
on that particular ship, and listed on the
ships Certificate of Fitness (CoF):
The CoF List
The List of Products attached to a new
Certificate will be calculated based on the
revised Pollution Categories and the ships
compliance with the revised carriage
requirements.

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 Revised categorisation
revised system is a 3 + 1 pollution
category system (X,Y,Z + OS).

The fourth category (OS or Other

Substances) includes Water, Apple
juice, Clay slurry, Coal slurry,
Dextrose solution, Glucose solution,
Kaoline slurry, Molasses, Lecitin etc.

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 The new categories are:
Category X:
Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the
sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are
deemed to present a major hazard to either marine
resources or human health and, therefore, justify the
prohibition of the discharge into the marine environment;
Category Y:
Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the
sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are
deemed to present a hazard to either marine resources
or human health or cause harm to amenities or other
legitimate uses of the sea and therefore justify a
limitation on the quality and quantity of the discharge
into the marine environment;

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 The new categories are:
Category Z:
Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the
sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are
deemed to present a minor hazard to either marine
resources or human health and therefore justify less
stringent restrictions on the quality and quantity of the
discharge into the marine environment; and
Other Substances:
substances which have been evaluated and found to fall
outside Category X, Y or Z because they are considered to
present no harm to marine resources, human health,
amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea when
discharged into the sea from tank cleaning of deballasting
operations. The discharge of bilge or ballast water or
other residues or mixtures containing these substances
are not subject to any requirements of MARPOL Annex II.
(OS or Other Substances will replace the
current Appendix III)
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 Revised Ship Type Requirements
All X and Y gets a ST1, 2 or 3
according to table
All Not readily biodegradable = ST3
Persistent floaters = ST2
Bio accumulating at least ST3

Applicable Ship Type for most stringent

of Pollution and Safety Ship Type req.
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 Changes due to new
categorisation.
Vegetable oils will be specified and are
upgraded from Appendix III (of the IBC
Code) to Pollution Category Y and carried
on Ship Type 2/3. They will also have to
be carried only under individual names.
This will limit the number of cargoes that
can be transported by existing ships.
Existing caustic soda tankers: Upgrade
according to Category Y and age

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 Changes due to new
categorisation..
Cargoes, which up to now have been carried
on IMO Type 3 chemical tankers, are shifted
to IMO Type 2 chemical tankers: For
instance:
Methanol is a Category Y in IMO Ship Type 3,
MTBE is Category Z in an IMO Ship Type 3.
Caustic Soda is Category Y and IMO Type 3
vessel, which will need an upgrade in stripping
performance according to age.
Xylenes is Category Y and Ship Type 2
UAN is Category Z Ship Type 3
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 Changes due to new
categorisation...
Some cargoes previously transported
on oil tankers in future have to be
carried by chemical tankers.
Oil-like substances will no longer be
able to be carried on product tankers,
eg.:
Toluene is Category Y Ship Type 3
Xylenes is Category Y Ship Type 2

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 Stripping Requirements new
Under the revised Annex existing
vessels to be allowed to continue to
strip as they do at present (i.e. no
retrofit), but new vessels must be
designed to be able to strip to 75
litres.
Under the new system all products in
Categories X, Y, and Z will be subject
to stripping limits
No Chem Code CoF without stripping
tests, (except for dedicated cargoes)
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 Stripping tests
Stripping tests form basis for mandatory
procedures included in the P & A Manual
Stricter follow up to be expected from PSC

Newbuilding Yard wishes only to meet

requirements
Pump maker wishes to show off
Owners / Operators best served by realistic
procedures still complying with requirements

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 Discharge Criteria
all products in Category X and High Viscosity and
Solidifying Substances in Category Y will be subject
to prewash.
All substances in categories X, Y and Z will be
subject to the 12-mile limit, minimum of 7 knots,
25 metres depth and underwater discharge.
Existing vessels carrying Category Z products will
be exempted from the underwater discharge
requirement, although new vessels will be obliged
to comply.
The additional requirements for operation
within Special Areas (except the Antarctic)
have been deleted.
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 Revised Discharge Requirements
No more Special Areas (except Antarctic
maintained)
High viscosity limit 50 mPa-s for all areas
Prewash required for:
all Cat. X substances, and for
Cat. Y substances if high viscosity or solidifying
Underwater outlet required for:
XYZ for ships keel laid on or after 1 Jan. 2007
XY for older ships (that is: not for Z-only -
existing)
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 Discharge of residues
Prewashing water is always to be delivered
to reception facility signed in Cargo
Record Book by third party
Initial dirty washing water may be
discharged to the sea provided:
min 12 NM from land
min 25 m depth of water
min 7 knots, en route
underwater discharge arrangement /
restricted flow rate
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 Discharge of residues.
Subsequent dirty washing water may be
discharged to the sea provided:
min 12 NM from land
min 25 m depth of water
No restrictions on discharge of clean
washing water

Mixing residues from different products /

steps implies the most strict
requirements apply to the total volume
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 Annex II slop tanks
Any cargo tank may be used
Slop tanks normally accepted as cargo tanks
No separation process / Slop tanks only for
holding
New trend: Ships get more residue
(garbage) tanks

Conflicting requirements for Annex I and

Annex II slops
Therefore: Do not mix in same tank
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Product name

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 Amendments to the IBC Code
it was necessary to amend certain sections in
order to take into account changes to MARPOL
Annex II and recent revisions to SOLAS.
The opportunity was also taken to tidy up the
text and deal with any anomalies that had
been highlighted since the last edition of the
Code was published in 1998.
Chapters 17 and 18 have been completely
revised to reflect new carriage requirements
resulting from the revision of MARPOL Annex
II.

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 Compatibility
Suitability of materials no longer taken into
account.
Information about materials required to be
available onboard
Information about corrosivity of cargoes
required to be given by shipper
Operator / Master responsible for
compatibility between cargo & materials
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 Certificates for Annex II
NLS Certificate International Pollution
Prevention Certificate for Carriage of Noxious
Liquid Substances in Bulk
Chem Code CoF (as combined certificate
for Chem Code and Annex II)
International Certificate of Fitness for Carriage
of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
For older BCH tankers: Certificate of Fitness
for Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
All cargoes to be listed by name

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 Procedures & Arrangements
Manual
General info on Annex II
Description of ship
Unloading and stripping procedures
Residue handling procedures
Prewash procedures
New approved by 01.01.2007

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 Practical Implications of the
Revisions
From 01.01.2007 every chemical
tanker is required to have :
New Certificate of Fitness (CoF)
New revised CoF List of Products
New revised Procedures and
Arrangements Manual
all ships carrying pollution category X, Y, or Z
cargoes will require revision and re-approval
before January 1, 2007.

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 Products with Missing Data
Missing data no transport!
A large number of cargoes that appear in the current edition of the
IBC Code have been removed from the revised edition because of
a lack of pollution or safety data
In the case of missing pollution data it has not been possible to
assign hazard profiles and therefore no pollution categories or Ship
Types can be allocated.
Where safety data is missing the cargoes have been re-evaluated
on pollution grounds, but subsequently removed from the Code
pending receipt of the required safety data.
The IMO produced a circular enumerating 180 such products and
urging that data should be submitted on them in order for them to
continue to be carried in bulk after 31 December 2006.
Unless the necessary data is submitted the bulk transport
of these products will likely not be able to be carried at sea
in Bulk after 1/1/2007.

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 Shipboard Marine Pollution
Emergency Plans
Regulation 26 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 requires that oil tankers
of 150 tons gross tonnage or more and all ships of 400 tons gross
tonnage or more carry an approved shipboard oil pollution plan
(SOPEP).
The International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness,
Response and Co-operation, 1990, also requires such a plan for
certain ships.
Regulation 16 of Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 makes similar
stipulations for all ships of 150 tons gross tonnage and above
carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk: they are required to
carry on board an approved marine pollution emergency plan for
noxious liquid substances (SMPEP).
The latter should be combined with a SOPEP, since most of their
contents are the same and the combined plan is more practical
than two separate ones in case of an emergency. To make it clear
that the plan is a combined one, it should be referred to as a
shipboard marine pollution emergency plan (SMPEP).

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 SMPEP
Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plans, 2001 Edition
includes Guidelines for the development of Shipboard Oil
Pollution Emergency Plans (SOPEP) (Resolution MEPC.54(32),
as amended by resolution MEPC.86(44) and Guidelines for
the development of Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency
Plans for Oil and/or Noxious Lquid Substances (Resolution
MEPC.85(44)).
MEPC.6/CIRC.8 (ANNEX 2 for SOPEP)
LIST OF NATIONAL OPERATIONAL CONTACT POINTS
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RECEIPT, TRANSMISSION AND
PROCESSING OF URGENT REPORTS ON INCIDENTS INVOLVING
HARMFUL SUBSTANCES, INCLUDING OIL FROM SHIPS TO
COASTAL STATES.
This information enables compliance with Regulation 26 of
Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78 which, inter alia, requires that
shipboard oil pollution emergency plans (SOPEP) shall contain
a list of authorities or persons to be contacted in the event of
an oil pollution incident.

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 HNS
International Convention on Liability and Compensation for
Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and
Noxious Substances (HNS) by Sea 1996, when it enters into
force:
will make it possible for compensation to be paid out in compensation
to victims of accidents involving HNS, such as chemicals;
covers residues left by the previous carriage of HNS, other than those
carried in packaged form.
defines damage as including loss of life or personal injury; loss of or
damage to property outside the ship; loss or damage by
contamination of the environment; the costs of preventative
measures and further loss or damage caused by them.
introduces strict liability for the shipowner and a system of
compulsory insurance and insurance certificates.
HNS are defined by reference to lists of substances included in various
IMO Conventions and Codes. These include oils; other liquid
substances defined as noxious or dangerous; liquefied gases; liquid
substances with a flashpoint not exceeding 60C; dangerous,
hazardous and harmful materials and substances carried in packaged
form; and solid bulk materials defined as possessing chemical
hazards.

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 OPRC-HNS Protocol
The Protocol on Preparedness, Response
and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents
by Hazardous and Noxious Substances
2000 enters into force on 14 June 2007
aimed at providing a global framework for
international co operation in combating
major incidents or threats of marine
pollution from ships carrying hazardous and
noxious substances (HNS), such as
chemicals.

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