Torque Drag is based on Dawson's cable model, or "Soft
String" model as it is commonly known. The string is treated as an extendible cable with zero bending stiffness. Friction is assumed to act in the opposing motion. The forces required to buckle the string are determined, and if buckling occurs, the mode of buckling (sinusoidal, transitional, helical, or lockup) is indicated. Additionally, a Stiff String modelis provided as an option. This model includes the increased side force from stiff tubulars in curved hole, as well as the reduced side forces from pipe wall clearance. The soft string model will be used unless Use stiff string is checked in the Torque & Drag section of the Analysis Settings tab.