BIOLOGICAL

TREATMENT
BY :
PANDU PRAKARTI BENING
CHRISNA
HABIBY HEPTA FAUZI
 DEFINITION
Biological treatment in industrial waste means that the organic
substances in wastewater, are consumed by microorganism as a food.
The end results of the biological waste treatment is decrease the quantity
of organic pollutants, while the the quantity of microorganism, carbon
dioxide, water and other by-products
 TERM IN BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT
Organic matter
Oganic matter is regarded as pollutant and in biological waste process, it have to
reduced in their number. The organic matter is used as food by the microorganism.
In industrial waste treatment, the organic matter is either obtained by natural
process, living plant or animal, or synthetically by chemical manufacturing.
Microorganism
The function of microorganism in biological waste treatment is used to eat and
decompose the organic material to reduce the number of organic material in waste
water. The microorganism used in biological waste treatment includes bacteria,
fungi, protozoa, nematodes, worms, and any other organism. The bacteria and
fungi are directly feed on the organic material/ pollutant, while the higher life forms
feed on the bacteria.
 CONTINUE
Oxygen
Oxygen in microbial treatment referred to as two kind, there are as a
hydrogen acceptor and as electron acceptor.
CO2
CO2 is the side waste product, the formation of CO2 is the method used by
microorganism to expel carbon atom that have resulted from degradation
of organic pollutant.
H2O
Is a waste product, used by microorganism to expel excess hydrogen atom
derived during the process of disassembling organic material
 AEROBIC METHOD
Aerobic wastewater treatment system required that dissolve oxygen to dissolve molecular oxygen. The molecule of
oxygen needed by microbes to disassemble organic pollutant molecules.
There are 3 aerobic attached waste treatment process :
Trickling filters : it used the solid media (usually steel or concrete tank) wiht a perforated bottom. Wastewater is applied
to top of media by distribution devices, then by the help of gravity, trickles down over the surface of media. Air flows
from the bottom up trough the media to supply oxygen needed. Its important to control the thickness of the slime layer.
If its too thin, the wastewater wont get appropriate treatment, but if its too thick the wastewater wont going trough.
Rotating biological contractor (RBC) : consist of a series pararell disc made of highly resilient plastics. The disc rotates
about a metal rod whose end is attached to basin which the wastwewater will be treated. While the disc rotated, the
disc is emersed then microbes that have attached disc, absorbs and adsorbs the organic material and other nutrient
from wastewater.
Fluidized bed : its consist of a bed of granular material in a tank equipped with a hydraulic distribution system at the
bottom and a treated effluent collection device at the top. Wastewater to be treated is caused to flow up through the
media, usually with a pump. As the wastewater flows up through the bed, its velocity and consequent drag force
overcome gravity and lift the granules of media. The higher the velocity, the greater the lift. A slime layer consisting of
microorganisms becomes attached to the granules of media. Oxygen is made available to these microorganisms by
adding air or another source of oxygen to the influent flow.
 ANAEROBIC METHOD
Anaerobic treatment of organic wastes can be described as a progression of events that starts with
hydrolysis, proceeds through acidogenesis, and ends with methanogenesis
There are two types of anaerobic wastewater treatment systems: suspended growth and attached
growth, as is the case with aerobic wastewater treatment systems. Attached growth systems are
commonly referred to as fixed film (FF) systems.
Suspended growth systems are those in which anaerobic microorganisms feed on the organic
content of wastewater in a vessel or lagoon that contains no managed support medium to which
the microorganisms attach. The microbes form particles that grow to a size that is dictated by the
solids management characteristics of that particular system. In general, the solids management
capability and characteristics differentiate between the several types of anaerobic treatment systems
in common use.
Attached growth systems, or known as fixed film systems, have a support medium, to which the
anaerobic microorganisms attach as they grow. The media can be stationary or not. Stationary media
include rocks, coal, plastic or metal discs, and plastic packing. The example of not stationary is sand
THE END