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Dispersion PMD
SRS SPM
Channel Crosstalk
FWM XPM
Fig. 2 Absorption (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 9)
Fig. 3 Scattering (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 9)
Optical fiber
Tx Rx
All wavelengths transmitted at Dispersion causes some Different wavelengths arrive
the same time wavelengths to delay at different times
Fig. 4 Dispersion and speed of different wavelengths (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 13)
ina te
co -ord
Fib er
Fig. 5 Example of the effects of chromatic dispersion (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 13)
Fiber-Cladding
Fiber Core
+50
Dispersion in ps/(nm+km)
Dmat
Dchrom
Dwav Wavelength
in nm
-50
Fiber Core
Fig. 10 Bit shape before and after travelling through the fiber (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 19)
Scattering Phenomenons
Kerr Non-Linearities
Raman Scattering
Wavelenght
Fig. 13 Raman scattering from particle view (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 25)
A A
0,00
1547,00 1547,50 1548,00 1548,50 1549,00 1549,50 1550,00 1550,50 1551,00
-10,00
-20,00
Rayleigh SBS
-30,00 Peak Peak
Power in dBm
-40,00
-50,00
-60,00
-70,00
-80,00
-90,00
wavelength ( nm)
Wavelength in nm
15 10
Scattered power (dBm)
5 0
15 5
25 10
35 15
5 0 5 10 15 20 25
T1523360-96
Injected power (dBm)
123 321
u. 213 u. 231
312
u. 132
Tx Rx
All wavelengths travel together:
Strong interaction
Optical fiber
Tx Rx
The wavelengths travel seperately:
Weak interaction
Fig. 19 FWM without and with dispersion (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 33)
Pulse broadening Pulse
compression
Impulse shape Impulse shape
Fig. 20 Effects of SPM above and below zero dispersion point (TT2560EU01TT_0001 Optical Basics, 35)
A
XPM
Crosstalk
P
t ATT t
P
P
t GVD t
t t
P
t PMD t
P
SBS
FWM
P
P
SPM
P
P
t
XPM