JEAN PIAGET'S COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY

MONIKA GUPTA
 GOOD MORNING
THE PRINCIPLE GOAL OF EDUCATION
IN SCHOOLS SHOULD BE CREATING
MEN AND WOMEN WHO ARE CAPABLE
OF DOING NEW THINGS, NOT SIMPLY
REPEATING WHAT OTHERS
GENERATION HAVE DONE

JEAN PIAGET
Jean Piaget
The Swiss psychologist
and educator Jean
Piaget is famous for his
learning theories based
on different stages in the
development of
children's intelligence.
 Piaget's theory of cognitive
development
is a comprehensive theory about the
nature and development of
human intelligence.
It is primarily known as a
developmental stage theory, but in fact,
it deals with the nature of knowledge
itself and how humans come gradually
to acquire, construct, and use it.
 KEY CONCEPTS
SCHEMAS
ASSIMILATION
ACCOMODATION
EQUILIBRATION
 Basic Cognitive
Concept
Schema
Piaget (1952) defined schemas as:
A Cohesive, repeated action sequence
possessing component actions that
are tightly interconnected and
governed by a core meaning.
Assimilation
This is the process of fitting a new
experiences into an existing or previously
created cognitive structure or schema.

Accommodation
This is the process of creating a new schema.

Equilibration
is achieving proper balance between
assimilation and accommodation.
 Piagets Stages of
Cognitive Development
Sensori-motor Stage
is the first of the four stages in cognitive
development which "extends from birth to
the acquisition of language.
In this stage, infants construct an
understanding of the world by coordinating
experiences (such as seeing and hearing)
with physical, motoric actions.
 The cognitive milestone at
this stage is -------

OBJECT PERMANENCE.
Pre-operational Stage
- covers from about 2-7 years old, roughly
corresponding to the preschool years.
- During this stage, the child learns to use
and to represent objects by images,
words, and drawings.
- The child is able to form stable concepts
as well as mental reasoning and magical
beliefs.
 - The child however is still not able to
perform operations; tasks that the child
can do mentally rather than physically.

- Thinking is still egocentric.

This stage is highlighted by the
following:

The Symbolic Function

This is the ability to represent objects
and events.

--- a symbol is a thing that represents

something else.
Egocentrism
- this is the ability of a child to only
see his point of view and too assume
that everyone also has his same point of
view.

Centration
- this refers to the tendency of the
child to only focus on one aspect of a
thing or event and exclude other
aspects.
Reversibility
The pre-operational children still has
the inability to reverse their thinking.

Animism
This is the tendency of children to
attribute human like traits or
characteristics to inanimate objects.
Transductive Reasoning

This refers to the pre-operational

childs type of reasoning that is neither
inductive or deductive. Reasoning
appears to be from particular to
particular i.e., if A causes B, then B
causes A.
Concrete-operational
Stage
This stage, which follows the
preoperational stage, occurs between
the ages of 7 and 11 years and is
characterized by the appropriate use of
logic.
Important processes during this stage are:

Decenteringwhere the child takes

into account multiple aspects of a
problem to solve it.
 Reversibilitythe child
understands that numbers or objects
can be changed, then returned to their
original state.
Conservationunderstanding that
quantity, length or number of items is
unrelated to the arrangement or
appearance of the object or items.
Seriationthe ability to sort objects
in an order according to size, shape, or
any other characteristic.
Formal operational Stage
- Intelligence is demonstrated through
the logical use of symbols related to
abstract concepts.

- At this point, the person is capable

of hypothetical and deductive reasoning.
This stage is characterized by the
following:
Hypothetical Reasoning
- this is the ability to come up with
different hypothesis about a problem
and to gather and weigh data in order to
make a final decision or judgment.
 Analogical Reasoning
- this is the ability to perceive the
relationship in one instance and then
use that relationship to narrow down
possible answer in another similar
situation or problem.
Deductive Reasoning
- this is the ability to think logically by
applying a general rule to a particular
instance or situation.
Piagets Stages of Development