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THERAPY
ARAGA, GUBALLA, REYES, ZURBANO
THE
THERAPEUTIC
PROCESS
To assist clients in achieving a
greater degree of independence
and integration
They must first get behind the THERAPEUTIC
mask they wear process of GOALS
socialization
The attitudes of therapists, rather
than their knowledge, theories or
techniques, facilitates personality
change in clients THERAPISTS
FUNCTION &
Therapists use themselves as an ROLE
instrument of change by
encountering clients on a person-
to-person level.
The therapists function is to be
present and accessible to client and
to focus on their immediate
THERAPISTS
experience.
FUNCTION &
ROLE
They must be willing to be real in
the relationship with clients.
State of incongruence a
discrepancy exists between their self-
perception and their experience in
reality CLIENTS
Self concept = ideal self-concept EXPERIENCE IN
THERAPY
Feeling of basic helplessness,
powerlessness and an inability to
make decisions or effectively direct
their own lives.
Clients move in the direction of
being more in contact with what
they are experiencing at the present
moment. CLIENTS
EXPERIENCE IN
THERAPY
With increased freedom, they tend
to become more mature
psychologically and move toward
increased self-actualization.
As counseling progresses, clients :
are able to explore a wider range
of beliefs and feelings CLIENTS
increasingly discover aspects EXPERIENCE IN
within themselves that had been THERAPY
kept hidden
become more realistic
REL ATIONSHIP
BETWEEN THERAPIST
AND CLIENT
CARL ROGERS
One of the founders of humanistic
approach
According to Maslow, humanism is the third
force in psychology
Characterized as a way of being and as a
shared journey in which therapist and client
reveal their humanness and participate in a
growth experience
The necessary and sufficient conditions for
therapeutic personality change
Implies that therapists are real; that they are genuine, integrated, and
authentic during therapy hour
Allows the client to build a trusting relationship with the counselor
Might necessitate expressing a range of feelings
Counselors can try too hard to be genuine
It can help defeat negative attitudes
or conditions of worth that others
may have placed on the client.
UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
Subjective Empathy
Enables practitioners to experience what it is like to be the
client
Interpersonal Empathy
Pertains to understanding the clients internal frame of
reference and conveying a sense of private meanings to
the person
Objective Empathy
Relies on knowledge sources outside of a clients frame of
reference
Implies that the therapist will sense clients feelings as
if they were his or her own without becoming lost n
those feelings
Cornerstone of the person-centered approach and it is a
necessary ingredient of an effective therapy
THERAPEUTIC
TECHNIQUES
AND PRINCIPLES
EARLY EMPHASIS ON REFLECTION OF
FEELINGS
The original emphasis was on grasping the world of
the client and reflecting this understanding
The focus then shifted to placing greater emphasis
on the therapists relationship with the client
The therapists relational attitudes and
fundamental ways
of being with the client constitutes the heart of
change process
PERSON-CENTERED METHODS