Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Separations
Chapter 4: Efficiencies of Trays and
Columns
Introduction
1. Point Efficiency
Efficiency varies within a single plate
Viscosity in centipoise cP
Most Common
Very low vapour flowrates weeping occurs
V is too high flooding and entrainment occur
Multi-Component Separations H83MCS
Stage Geometry
Sieve tray
Valve tray
Efficiency Increases
Bubble-cap tray
0.68 0.50
Estage 0.643
0.78 0.50
x
Multi-Component Separations H83MCS
Murphree Efficiency
The stage efficiency calculated in the
previous example is known as the Murphree
efficiency, Emv.
yn yn 1
Emv *
yn yn 1
yn xn
yn+1
xn-1
yn xn
yn+1
Xout<X4<X3<X2<X1
yn xn
Equilibrium Vapour
Composition
yn+1
xn-1 yn*
Shape is determined by
film resistance in vapour
and liquid xn
Liquid Flow
yn xn
Mixing of vapour is much more
rapid, hence we could assume we
measure the average, yn yn+1
yn-1*
xn-1 yn*
yn
xn
Liquid Flow
xn-1 yn*
yn
xn
Liquid Flow
yn yn 1
Emv *
yn yn 1
xn-1
yn
yn*
xn
Liquid Flow
ln1 EMV ( 1)
mV
EOC
ln L
Need to be applied separately to each column section (rectifying and stripping)
because varies from m
Where section
is thetoslope
section.
of the equilibrium line
x n-1
yn
*
yn
Liquid Conc on Tray n
Xn
xn
Xn*
yn+1
INLET OUTLET
Mole Frac
Position on Tray
Tray Schematic for Point *
Notice that yn > yn so that E MV > 1
and Murphree efficiencies
Concentration Profile Across Trays
Gas
Liquid
Entrainment
EOC Emv and Weeping
Corrections