SAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AFFILATED TO J.N.T.U,HYDERABAD

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 Introduction
Wind Power
Wind Turbines
Floating wind turbines
The Need
Features
Drivers
Challenges
Conclusion

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 Renewable energyisenergy which comes fromnatural resources such
assunlight,wind,rain,tides, andgeothermal heat, which are renewable.

Climate changeconcerns,high oil prices,and increasing government

support, accelerates the growth of this sector.

In 2008, about 19% of global final energy consumption came from

renewable sources.

With nations pledging to reduce the carbon emission to counter global

warming, the need for systems that generate renewable energy has been
on a rise.

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 Wind poweris the conversion ofwindenergy into a useful
form of energy, such as
wind turbinesto make electricity,
wind millsfor mechanical power,
wind pumpsfor pumping water or drainage,
sails to propel ships

Wind energy has been the worlds fastest growing source of

electricity during the past decade, with over 20% annual
growth

Energy production from wind was 340 TWh, which is about 2%

of worldwide electricity usage.

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 Awind turbineis a rotary device that extractsenergyfrom
thewind.

If themechanical energy is used directly by machinery the

machine is called awindmill.

If the mechanical energy is instead converted toelectricity, the

machine is called awind generator.

Awind farmis a group ofwind turbinesin the same location used

for production of electric power.

Wind farms and wind turbines are built onshore as well as offshore.

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 Afloating wind turbineis an offshorewind turbinemounted on a
floating structure.

As of December 2009, there have been two operational floating

wind turbines

BLUE -H 80 kW
21km off the coast in waters 113 meters deep, southeastof
Italy.

HYWIND 2.3 mW
10 km off the coast of Karmoy, Norway in 220-m deep waters.

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 Power Output from a wind turbine is proportional to the cube of wind velocity
and to the square of the rotor diameter.

Thewindcan be stronger up to 10 m/sec and steadier over water due to the

absence of topographic features.

Existing fixed-bottom wind turbine technology deployments had been limited

to water depths of 30-meters.

Worldwide wind resources are abundant over deep-waters.

Wind should be steady and consistent for the smooth working of

turbines.

Noise and visual pollution created by fixed turbines near the costal
areas are to be avoided.

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 Simplified wind turbine model.
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Power [MW]

Maximum
3 Constant
Power
Power

0
0 5 10 15 20 25

Relative wind velocity [m/s]

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 Floating platforms can be classified into.

single-turbine-floater(one wind turbine mounted

on a
floating structures).
multiple turbine floater(multiple wind turbines
mounted
on a floating structures)

The electricity generated is sent to shore through undersea HVDC

cables.

There are mainly three types of systems used for station keeping
for the turbine.
Barge System ,Spar Buoy System ,Tension Leg System
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 Barge Systems

Spar Buoy
Systems

Tension Leg
Systems

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Hydrodynamic loads

Aerodynamic loads

Horizontal and Vertical loads

Dynamic and static loads

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 Higher wind velocities allow higher capacity turbines to be installed.

Thus giving much more power output per installation when compared
to fixed turbines.

Lower Offshore Wind Turbulence Longer Turbine Life ~ 25-30 Years

Wind is-
Free
Inexhaustible
Environmentally Friendly
Clean
Safe &
Cost Effective Energy Source.

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 Huge initial cost when compared to other renewable energy
sources.

The economics of deepwater wind turbines will be determined

by the costs of the floating structure andpower distribution
system when compared to a fixed turbine.

Enough buoyancy to support the weight of the turbine and to

restrain pitch, roll and heave motions .

Only at few sites with high wind speeds can compete

economically
with conventional power production ,at present.

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 Offshore construction is more complicated and it should survive
severe marine environments.

Maintainace is high when compared to on-shore turbines.

Complexity of the system.

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 Blue H has successfully decommissioned the unit as they are
planning to build a 38-unit deepwater wind farm at the same
location.

TheUS StateofMainewill be soliciting proposals in September

2010 to build the world's first floating, commercial wind farm.

Portugal govt is partnered with Principle Power to install a multi-

megawatt full-scale floating wind turbine off the coast of Portugal
in 2011.

The enormous wind energy resource offshore, covering more than

70% of the Earths surface, can be effectively tapped resulting in
a cleaner and smarter energy

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