CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS

ENERGY
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT (LOTO)
 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
The OSHA Standard for the
Control of Hazardous Energy
(Lockout/Tagout) 29 CFR
1910.147 covers the servicing and
maintenance of machines and
equipment in which the unexpected
start-up or the release of stored
energy could cause injury to
employees.
WHAT IS LOCKOUT/TAGOUT?
LOTO is a technique
used to prevent energy
from being released
during the servicing of
equipment. This is
accomplished by
placing locks on energy
isolation devices prior
to starting work.
 TYPES OF ENERGY
CHEMICAL
ELECTRICAL
HYDRAULIC
MECHANICAL
THERMAL
PNEUMATIC
GRAVITY
RADIATION
Some energy sources can be turned on/off.
Others can only be dissipated or controlled.
 CHEMICAL
HAS ENERGY THAT CAN START FIRES,
CAUSE SKIN BURNS, GENERATE
HARMFUL GASES OR FUMES
BEFORE WORKING-RELEASE, DRAIN
OR VENT CHEMICALS SAFELY
 Electrical
AS LOW AS 30 VOLTS LOCK & TAG SOURCE
CAN CARRY ENOUGH BREAKERS NOT
CURRENT TO KILL SWITCHES
USE NON- STORED POTENTIAL
CONDUCTING TOOLS ENERGY CAN BE
DISCHARGE ALL RELEASED DURING
CAPACITORS AFETR WORK CAUSING
LOCKOUT INJURY OR DEATH
ENSURE ALL CONTROL CHECK CIRCUTS DEAD
POWER IS DE- BEFORE WORKING
ENERGIZED
 HYDRAULIC
ENERGY OF LIQUIDS UNDER
PRESSURE
RELIEVE PRESSURE SLOWLY INTO A
PROPER CONTAINER
RAPID RELEASE CAN CAUSE INJURY
PRESSURE CAN CAUSE EQUIPMENT
TO MOVE
 MECHANICAL
KINETIC-IN MOTION
ENERGY OF MOVING MACHINERY CAN
CAUSE, AMPUTATIONS, LACERATIONS,
FRACTURES & LOSS OF LIFE
POTENTIAL-STORED ENERGY
 THERMAL
ENERGY OF HEAT (& COLD)
HOT EQUIPMENT & FLUIDSD WILL BURN
YOU
COLD FLUIDS CAN CAUSE INJURY ALSO
QUICK RELEASE OF COMPRESSED GASES
CAN FREEZE YOUR SKIN
ALLOW EQUIPMENT TO REACH A SAFE
TEMPERATURE BEFORE STARTING WORK
 PNEUMATIC
ENERGY OF COMPRESSED GASES
- UNCONTROLLED RELEASE CAN
CAUSE INJURY
-RAPID DE-PRESSURIZATION
CREATES EXTREME LOW
TEMPERATURE
PROPERLY VENT ALL SYSTEMS
BEFORE STARTING WORK
 FIRST STEPS IN LOTO
KNOW YOUR EQUIPMENT
& SYSTEMS:
hazards
isolation points
procedures

Working on unfamiliar machinery is a hazard

WHAT YOU NEED FOR LOTO
WRITTEN LOTO SCHEDULE
LOCKS & TAGS-IDENTIFIED FOR THE
WORKER
HASPS-FOR PLACING LOCKS & TAGS
BREAKER CLIPS-FOR ELECTRICAL LOTO
BLANK FLANGES-FOR FLUID LINES
VALVE COVERS-FOR LOTO OF VALVES
PLUG BUCKETS-FOR ELECTRICAL PLUGS
 WHO CAN REMOVE LOCKS &
TAGS???
ONLY THE EMPLOYEE WHO PLACED
THE TAG OR A SUPERVISOR, AFTER
OBTAINING PERMISSION FROM THE
WORKER WHO PLACED THE TAG
EACH PERSON WORKING ON THE
EQUIPMENT MUST PLACE THEIR OWN
LOCKS & TAGS TO ENSURE THEIR
SAFETY, EVEN IF THE EQUIPMENT
ALREADY HAS A LOCK & TAG ON IT.
 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT:
SHIFT CHANGES
1. If servicing lasts more than one
shift, lockout/tagout protection
must not be interrupted.
2. When the employee who applied
device is not there to remove it, it
can be removed only in an
emergency and only under the
direction of the supervisor.
 LOTO PROTECTS YOU!!!
USE PROPER
PROCEDURES.

PLEASE BE
CAREFUL WHEN
WORKING ON
EQUIPMENT
How Injuries Occur During the
Servicing of Equipment?
80% failed to turn off
equipment
10% equipment
activated by someone
else
5% failed to control
potential energy
Most of remaining 5%
disconnected power
but failed to verify
effectiveness
 WHEN IS LOTO APPLIED?
Adjusting Clearing jams
Inspecting Lubricating
Modifying

Cleaning
Replacing parts
Tool changes

There are some situations where LOTO is

not required
 EXCEPTIONS TO LOTO
Normal production operations
Routine, repetitive, & integral to production
Guards/safety devices not bypassed
Body part not placed in the point of operation or
other dangerous area during machine cycle
Need to use alternative measures for protection
Cord & plug connected equipment
Plug is only source of energy
Plug is under continuous control of one person
GENERAL LOTO PROCEDURE
STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3
ID Energy Notify Shutdown
Equipment
Sources Others

STEP 4 STEP 5 STEP 6

Isolate LOTO Release
Equipment Equipment Stored Energy

STEP 7 STEP 8 STEP 9

Verify Perform Release from
Servicing LOTO
Isolation
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
TYPES OF DEVICES
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT DEVICES
Durable Lockout and tagout devices
must withstand the environment to
which they are exposed for the
maximum duration of the expected
exposure. Tagout devices must be
constructed and printed so that they
do not deteriorate or become
illegible, especially when used in
corrosive or wet environments.
 DEFINITIONS:
Energy Isolating Device - A mechanical device that
physically prevents the transmission or release of energy.

Energy Control Procedure - Safety program adopted by

the employer that includes energy control procedures
plus provisions for inspecting the procedures and training
employees for lockout/tagout.
Authorized Employee - one who locks out machines or
equipment in order to perform the servicing or
maintenance on that machine or equipment.

Affected Employee - one whose job requires him/her to

operate or use a machine or equipment on which
servicing or maintenance is being performed under
lockout, or whose job requires him/her to work in an area
in which such servicing or maintenance is being
performed.
 TIDBITS OF INFORMATION:
1. Never attempt lockout/tagout procedures
unless you have been trained and certified by
your employer under an approved Energy
Control Program.
2. Never loan or share your lock, combination, or
key with anybody else.
3. Always be sure all lockout/tagout devices are
compatible with the environment in which they
will be used i.e. corrosive, humid, etc.
 SUMMARY
All hazardous energy sources must be
controlled (kinetic & potential).
Control via energy isolation device (do not rely
on control circuit).
Only use designated lock for LOTO.
Tags must accompany all locks.
Nine-step general procedure remember to
verify isolation.
Protection must be ensured during special
situations.
OSHA STANDARD.1910.147