System view of the Organization

MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATIONAL DYNAMICS

External Analysis
Strategy
Organizational Architecture

Organization
Technology - Culture
- Data - Admn. control system
- Application - Business systems
- HR systems/policies
- Technology People
- Competencies
- Org. structure

Process
- Work processes
- Physical layout
MANAGEMENT
Basic concepts of strategic management

Strategic thinking and acting is

- long term oriented
- Goal driven.................................
- Anticipatory
- Integrative
- concentrated and selective
- Generic
- has the purpose to make an organization clearly
identifiable
(time horizon of 3 to 5 years) (future anticipated
condition) (tries to anticipate future trends)
(dependencies, synergies) (limits the options)
(paths of development of an organization)
 Basic concepts of strategic management

Strategic goals to generate (sustainable) competitive

advantages

Position in the market (Market-based-view)

Organizational resources (Resource-based-view)

 Industry Competition

Bargaining power of suppliers

Threat of substitute products or services
Threat of new entrants
Bargaining power of buyers
Potential entrants
Industry competitors
Rivalry among existing firms
Suppliers
Buyers
Substitutes
 Strategic Analysis Case
Study
Purpose: practice on strategy analysis tools learned through
lectures/readings.

Process:

Read to understand
Read first introduction from the text and build further information
from your search of the approved case and its industry.

Apply knowledge on selected company

Use this information as base for analyzing the selected company, and
update the information on the company from other sources so that all
changes up until the date of the class presentation of the case are
incorporated.
 Strategic Analysis Case Study
Assignment: Perform strategic analysis as described in the steps below
and make a Power Point presentation before the class besides Research
Report.
Good Report covers

History and background. (Company, its industry and the economy)

Strategic Analysis and Positioning.

(This section will cover TOWS analysis & the company goals and
objectives)

Companys strategies and their Performance

Recommended strategies & Implementation Plan

Proforma Statement & Conclusion

 Strategic Analysis Case Study
The Steps:
A. ASSESSMENT

1. The Economy
2. The Industry
3. The firm in its industry and the economy

B. STRATEGY

1. The Firms Strategy History

2. Evolution of the current strategyCorporate, Business, and Functional.
3. Competitors strategiesCorporate, Business, and Functional
4. Workable strategies of the firm in light of A1 and A2; and B2, and B3.

C. RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Firms preferred strategies given B4
2. Implementation of, Evaluation, and Control aspects of C1.
3. Recommendations Corporate, Business, and Functional strategies
4. Expected financial and strategic rewards of C3.
5. Implementation plan
Strategic Analysis Case Study
D CONSEQUENCES OF C3 ON THE INDUSTRY AND ECONOMY

Caution: The best analysis would not reproduce history and facts that
are given in the case you have read but will provide a very quick summary of
those that are relevant and will be needed in your analysis and will provide an
update of these facts since the writing of this case.

You will be building your analysis on these updated facts relating to the
companys position in the marketplace in light of its industry and economic
conditions. Industry analysis is an essential part of a good strategy case.

The most thrust of your paper should be on the analysisyour analysis.

Stay away from your opinion, beliefs, and thoughts. Focus on data, analyses,
and information gathered by your research or through analytical tools. You
may include expert opinions in your report, however.
 Examples for industries

- Pakistani banking industry, Pharmaceutical

industry
- Chemical processing industry, Insurance industry,
- Real-eshate industry, consulting industry
- Food processing industry, Hotel industry,
- Tourism industry, Airline line industry,
newspaper industry, TV broadcasting industry,
mobile phone industry construction industry,
building materials industry,
 Important facts

Deadline for Project selection: May 29, 2016

Deadline for submitting your paper is July 10,
2016, at the latest (better you send it before)
Dont answer the questions separately but create
an integrated narrative No co-authoring, but
same industry possible
20-25 pages text, double space, (without
references, table of content,).
 How to cite literature

Cite in text in brackets the name of the author(s)

and the year of publication (additionally include page
range), e.g. (McKinley & Scherer, 2000: 7).
Direct quotes in quotation marks with original
reference and page
- Reference list at the end of the paper:
- McKinley, W. & Scherer, A. G. 2000. Some
unanticipated consequences of organizational
restructuring. Academy of Management Review, 25(4):
735-752
- Important is a consistent design!
 How to find relevant literature

Handbooks and books for general introduction into

the theme can be found in the
University library
Important journals in business administration and
management are (among others):
Harvard Business Review (HBR), Harvard Manager,
Journal of International Business Studies (JIBS),
Journal of Management Studies (JMS), Management
International Review (mir), Organization,
Organization Science (OS), Organization Studies
(Org.Stud.), Strategic Management Journal,
 Literature research

Main electronic resources:

Look directly for electronic journals
EBSCO (Business Source Premier)
ISI Web of Knowledge (isiknowledge.com/)
JSTOR
Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.de/)
 Chapter- 1 Introduction

1. Background of the study

2. Statement of the Problem
3. Significance of the study
4. Scope of the Study
5. Objective of the study
6. Hypothesis
7. Methodology
8. Data Processing and Analysis
9. Comparison and conclusion
10. Organization of the research work
 Lindsays laws
Lindsays laws
1. Research is finished only after it is written up. What you
write must communicate and persuade.
2. The hallmarks of scientific writing are precision, clarity
and brevity, in that order.
3. Try to write as if you were speaking to someone: see a
face. This way you get to say it directly and clearly.
4. Write (your chapters) in four drafts:
(a) First: putting the facts together
(b) Second: checking for coherence and fluency of ideas
(c) Third: readability
(d) Fourth: editing

Source: D. Lindsay, A Guide to Scientific Writing. Melbourne, Australia: Addison Wesley Longman Australia, 2nd ed., 1997.

Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
 Paragraphs
A paragraph is a group of connected sentences that develop a single
point, argument or idea. Paragraphs need to link to other
paragraphs so that the themes, arguments or ideas developed are
part of a coherent whole rather than separate bits.
A paragraph should include:
a main statement / idea that you are putting forward, ie topic
sentence
evidence from research to support / argue your idea, showing
where the writers agree and / or disagree
student analysis of the research literature where appropriate
summing up and linking to the next idea (paragraph).
In the literature review, you will need to show evidence of integrating
your readings into each paragraph and analysis of the readings
where necessary.
Source: https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/2_AssessmentTasks/assess_tuts/lit_review_LL/writing.html

Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
 Abstract
Abstract
Abstract should not exceed 300 words (without reference).
Abstract must include following sections:
Problem Statement: This section should include answers of the questions:
Why was research needed?.
What was the context of the work?.
Introduce the problem or provide background for what you will address.
Approach:
What did you do and how did you go about solving or making progress on the problem.
Describe the method of research, study, or analysis applied to the problem.
Results:
What results did you get?
State what you found and relate it to the problem.
Summarize the major results in numbers, avoid vague, hand waving results such as very
small or significant.
Conclusions/Recommendations:
What are the implications of your answer?
State the relevance, implications, or significance of the results or conclusions, to the
business.
Significance of work is often implied by the recommendations or implications for future
work.

2010 Nader Ale Ebrahim

 Structured Abstract
A Structured Abstract
Purposeof thispaper What are the reason(s) for writingthe paper or the aimsof the research?
Howare the objectivesachieved? Include the main method(s) usedfor the
Design/methodology/
research. What is the approach to the topic andwhat is the theoretical or
approach
subject scope of the paper?
What wasfound in the courseof the work? This will refer to analysis,
Findings
discussion, or results.
Research If research isreported on in the paper thissection must be completedand
limitations/implications(if shouldinclude suggestionsfor future researchand any identified
applicable) limitationsin the research process.
What outcomesand implicationsfor practice, applicationsand
Practical implications consequencesare identified? Not all paperswill have practical implications
(if applicable) but most will. What changesto practice should be made asa result of this
research/paper?

What will be the impact on society of this research? How will it influence
Social Implications(if
publicattitudes? How will it influence (corporate) social responsibility or
applicable)
environmental issues? How could it informpublic or industry policy? How
might it affect quality of life?
What isoriginal/value of
What isnew2010
in theNader
paper?Ale State the value of the paper and to whom.
Ebrahim
paper
 Paper categories
Choose a category for the paper
Research paper. This category covers papers which report on any type of research undertaken
by the author(s). The research may involve the construction or testing of a model or framework,
action research, testing of data, market research or surveys, empirical, scientific or clinical
research.
Viewpoint. Any paper, where content is dependent on the author's opinion and interpretation,
should be included in this category; this also includes journalistic pieces.
Technical paper. Describes and evaluates technical products, processes or services.
Conceptual paper. These papers will not be based on research but will develop hypotheses. The
papers are likely to be discursive and will cover philosophical discussions and comparative
studies of others' work and thinking.
Case study. Case studies describe actual interventions or experiences within organizations.
They may well be subjective and will not generally report on research. A description of a legal
case or a hypothetical case study used as a teaching exercise would also fit into this category.
Literature review. It is expected that all types of paper cite any relevant literature so this
category should only be used if the main purpose of the paper is to annotate and/or critique the
literature in a particular subject area. It may be a selective bibliography providing advice on
information sources or it may be comprehensive in that the paper's aim is to cover the main
contributors to the development of a topic and explore their different views.
General review. This category covers those papers which provide an overview or historical
examination of some concept, technique or phenomenon. The papers are likely to be more
descriptive or instructional ("how to" papers) than discursive
Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/abstracts.htm?part=1#2
2010 Nader Ale Ebrahim
 Key words
Improving Readership of Your Articles
Appearing at the top of the list of search results, and having a
useful description of your work, greatly improve the likelihood
that a reader will find and download your document.

Abstracts should include keywords that potential readers are

likely to use in searches. It is especially valuable to modify and
reuse words that appear in the document's title and full text to
improve the article's rank when readers search for those words.

The first sentence of the abstract is all that is likely to be

displayed in the search page results, so make your first sentence
one that will encourage readers to click the link.

2010 Nader Ale Ebrahim

Usingkeywords is avital part of abstract writing,
because of the practice of retrieving information
electronically: keywords act as the search term. Use
keywords that are specific, and that reflect what is
essential about the paper. Put yourself in the position of
someone researching in your field: what would you look
for? Consider also whether you can use any of the
current "buzzwords".

Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/abstracts.htm?part=1#2

2011 Nader Ale Ebrahim

 Key words
Using keywords
Using keywords is a vital part of abstract writing,
because of the practice of retrieving information
electronically: keywords act as the search term.
Use keywords that are specific, and that reflect
what is essential about the paper. Put yourself in
the position of someone researching in your
field: what would you look for? Consider also
whether you can use any of the current
"buzzwords".
Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/abstracts.htm?part=1#2

2010 Nader Ale Ebrahim

 Key words examples
KeyWords Plus- Example
New Product Development in Virtual
Environment (ISI Indexed)
Author Keywords: New product Development;
Virtual teams; Concurrent Collaboration; Review
paper
KeyWords Plus: DEVELOPMENT TEAMS;
PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGY;
KNOWLEDGE; COMMUNICATION;
PERSPECTIVE; INTEGRATION; INNOVATION;
NETWORK; WORKING
2010 Nader Ale Ebrahim
 Paper structure
Paper Structure
Title
Affiliation
Abstract
Keywords
Nomenclatures
Introduction
Materials and methods
Results and Discussions
Conclusions
References

2010 Nader Ale Ebrahim

 What is thesis
What is a Thesis?
A thesis is a formal and lengthy
research paper, especially a work of
original research, written in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for a
higher degree in a university

Source: http://www.awc.metu.edu.tr/handouts/Thesis_Writing.pdf

Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
 What is in the thesis
Whats in the thesis?
Addresses a problem or series of
problems
Describes what was known about the
problem(s)
What you did to solve the problems
What you think the results means
How further progress can be made
Source: http://www.slideshare.net/akarim717/how-to-write-a-thesis

Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
 What is your thesis
Questions? What is your thesis:
Research background (Importance/need/rationale)
Problem statement (Gap analysis (difference between presence
and desired performance)
Research objectives (Specific, measurable, attainable, realistic,
Time-based)
Research scope (Area should be covered)
Research methodology (Steps to achieve objectives)
Data collection (Why this data, method)
Analysis (Information generated toward analysis)
Results and discussions (Drawing conclusions on the
objectives)

Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
 Thesis structure
Materials preceding the text
Title Page
Original Literary Work Declaration
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Figures , List of Tables, List of Symbols and Abbreviations, List of Appendices
The main text
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Methodology (or Materials and Methods)
Chapter 4: Results (or Experimental Results)
Chapter 5: Discussion
Chapter 6: Conclusion
References and
Appendices
Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Source: GUIDE TO THE PREPARATION OF RESEARCH REPORTS, DISSERTATIONS & THESES
 Identifying problem
statement
1- Identifying the Research Problem

Researchers begin a study by identifying a

research problem that they need to address.
They write about this problem in the opening
passages of their study and, in effect, give you
as a reader the rationale for why the study is
important and why you need to read their study.

Reference: Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and
Qualitative Research (4th ed. ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.

Practical Guide to Write a PhD Thesis 2013 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim