Bottom-up

Processing
Subtitle
 Definition of Bottom-up Processing

happens when someone

Bottom-up processing is
tries to understand
not thought to be a very
language by looking at
efficient way to approach
individual meanings or and moves from these to
a text initially, and is often
grammatical trying to understand the
contrasted with top-down
characteristics of the most whole text.
processing, which is
basic units of the text,
thought to be more
(e.g. sounds for a listening
efficient.
or words for a reading),
 Example of Bottom-Up
Asking learners
to read aloud
may encourage Learners can be
bottom-up encouraged to
processing use both bottom-
For example in a
because they up and top-down
reading
focus on word strategies to help comprehension
forms, not them understand learners use
meaning. a text. their knowledge
of the genre to
predict what will
be in the text
(top-down), and
their
understanding
of affixation to
guess meaning
(bottom-up).
Listening is an active process
That is fully
concentrating on
what is being said
rather than just Definition
passively hearing
the message of
the speaker.

involv
es
listeni
ng
Senses
with
all
senses
.
can be
convey
ed to
the
speake
r by
How?
using
both
verbal
and
non-
verbal

Acknowledgement can be
something as simple as a nod of
the head or a simple "uh huh."
You aren't necessarily agreeing
with the person, you are simply
indicating that you are listening.
Using body language and other
signs to acknowledge you are
listening also reminds you to pay
attention and not let your mind
wander.
You should also try to respond to
the speaker in a way that will
both encourage him or her to
continue speaking, so that you
can get the information if you
need.
While nodding and "uh huhing"
says you're interested, an
occasional question or comment
to recap what has been said
communicates that you
understand the message as well.