Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence is the capability of a machine to imitate

intelligent human behavior
 Artificial Intelligence
Chinese factory replaces 90% of human workers with robots.
Production rises by 250%, defects drop by 80%

The Changying Precision Technology Company focuses on

the production of mobile phones and uses automated
production lines. The factory used to be run by 650
employees, but now just 60 people get the entire job done,
while robots take care of the rest. Luo Weiqiang, the
general manager, says the number of required employees
will drop to 20 at one point. Despite this reduction in staff,
not only is the factory producing more equipment (a 250%
increase), but its also ensuring better quality.
Artificial Intelligence
 Artificial Intelligence

Ten years ago, the IBM supercomputer

program Deep Blue beat world chess
champion Garry Kasparovthe greatest chess
mind alive.

That moment marked a turning point in the

relationship between man and machine.
Artificial Intelligence
Three components if AI

Sensing
Image processing
Speech recognition
Other sensing

Reasoning

Acting
 What exactly is artificial intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human

intelligence processes by machines.
Machines understand verbal commands, distinguish
pictures, drive cars and play games better than we do.
How much longer can it be before they walk among us?

Its about having a machine that can reach conclusions in a

similar way to a human. That is, it can take examples and
learn from them to improve the accuracy of its future
conclusions.

The machine can reach a new, accurate,

conclusion based on what it has learned in the
 What exactly is artificial intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human

intelligence processes by machines.

AI Applications
AI Technology can be applied to provide
solutions for a wide range of commercial and
scientific needs. These needs or applications can
be categorized as follows:
a.Simple
b.Complex
c.Very Complex
 What exactly is artificial intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human

intelligence processes by machines.

AI Applications
AI Technology can be applied to provide
solutions for a wide range of commercial and
scientific needs. These needs or applications can
be categorized as follows:
a.Simple
b.Complex
c.Very Complex
 Applications of Artificial Intelligence?

A Short Overview of Specific Potential Applications

include:

Simple
Customer Relationship Management (CRM);
E-commerce;
Content Management Systems (CMS);
Network and software security systems;
Agent technology.
 Applications of Artificial Intelligence?

Complex
Financial Services;
Oil Field search and appraisal;
Intelligent Traffic Management in
Telecommunication and Energy Networks;
Enterprise management;
Risk management;
Industrial automation of complex production
processes (such as Steel, Chemicals,
Refining);
 Applications of Artificial Intelligence?
Very Complex
Global climate analysis;
Distributed Knowledge Networks;
Bioinformatics and Computational Biology;
Coordination and Control of Multi-Agent Systems;
Automata Induction, Grammar Inference, and Language
Acquisition;
Computational modelling of Proteins;
Environment for Integrating and Analyzing Plant Genomic
Databases;
Military simulations (eg. Star Wars);
Human population analysis including resource distribution
and consummation;
Astronomy/astrophysics.
Latest Breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence Research

The common, and recurring, view of the

latest breakthroughs in artificial
intelligence research is that sentient and
intelligent machines are just on the
horizon. Machines understand verbal
commands, distinguish pictures, drive
cars and play games better than we do.
How much longer can it be before they
walk among us?
 TYPE I AI: REACTIVE MACHINES

The most basic types of AI systems are purely reactive, and

have the ability neither to form memories nor to use past
experiences to inform current decisions. Deep Blue, IBMs
chess-playing supercomputer, which beat international
grandmaster Garry Kasparov in the late 1990s, is the perfect
example of this type of machine.
Deep Blue can identify the pieces on a chess board and know
how each moves. It can make predictions about what moves
might be next for it and its opponent. And it can choose the
most optimal moves from among the possibilities.
Deep Blue ignores everything before the present moment.
All it does is look at the pieces on the chess board as it
stands right now, and choose from possible next moves.
 TYPE II AI: LIMITED MEMORY

This Type II class contains machines can look into the past. Self-
driving cars do some of this already. For example, they observe
other cars speed and direction.

These observations are added to the self-driving cars

preprogrammed representations of the world, which also include
lane markings, traffic lights and other important elements, like
curves in the road. Theyre included when the car decides when to
change lanes, to avoid cutting off another driver or being hit by a
nearby car.

But these simple pieces of information about the past are only
transient. They arent saved as part of the cars library of experience
it can learn from, the way human drivers compile experience over
years behind the wheel.
 TYPE III AI: THEORY OF MIND

Its the important divide between the machines we have and

the machines we will build in the future.

If AI systems are indeed ever to walk among us, theyll have to be

able to understand that each of us has thoughts and feelings and
expectations for how well be treated. And theyll have to adjust their
behavior accordingly.
 TYPE IV AI: SELF-AWARENESS
The final step of AI development is to build systems that can form
representations about themselves. Ultimately, we AI researchers will
have to not only understand consciousness, but build machines that
have it.
This is, in a sense, an extension of the theory of mind possessed
by Type III artificial intelligences
Consciousness is also called self-awareness for a reason. (I want
that item is a very different statement from I know I want that
item.)
AI Programming Languages

AI programs have been written in

just about every language ever
created.
The most common seem to be Lisp,
Prolog, C/C++, and recently Java.