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The document discusses training and development in an organization. It provides:
I. Quotes about the importance of investing in knowledge and the differences between training and education.
II. Information on developing training plans aligned with strategic goals, distinguishing training which teaches skills from education which increases understanding, and considering organizational needs and challenges when designing training.
III. Guidance on gaining management support, integrating training with business planning, and treating training as an investment in the future.
The document discusses training and development in an organization. It provides:
I. Quotes about the importance of investing in knowledge and the differences between training and education.
II. Information on developing training plans aligned with strategic goals, distinguishing training which teaches skills from education which increases understanding, and considering organizational needs and challenges when designing training.
III. Guidance on gaining management support, integrating training with business planning, and treating training as an investment in the future.
The document discusses training and development in an organization. It provides:
I. Quotes about the importance of investing in knowledge and the differences between training and education.
II. Information on developing training plans aligned with strategic goals, distinguishing training which teaches skills from education which increases understanding, and considering organizational needs and challenges when designing training.
III. Guidance on gaining management support, integrating training with business planning, and treating training as an investment in the future.
Quotes An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest. ~ Benjamin Franklin
Training increases skill and competence and
teaches employees the how of a job. Education increases their insights and understanding and teaches the why.
~Michael Hammer and James Champy.
Video - HR Management: Training & Development 6:25 Training Plans Develop and implement training plans that are aligned with the organizations strategic plan and general business need Distinguishing Between Training and Education Education is the process of acquiring knowledge and information, usually in a formal manner. Education equips learners to acquire new knowledge by teaching them how to think. Examples are the study and understanding of human behavior, team dynamics, and the principles of statistics.
Training is the process of acquiring proficiency in some
skill or skill set. Examples are team leadership and facilitation and the application of the seven quality control tools. Alignment with Needs Considerations (Juran and Gyrna) 1. The quality problems and challenges faced by the organization 2. The knowledge and skills needed to solve these problems and meet these challenges 3. The knowledge and skills actually possessed by the job holders 4. The training facilities and processes already in existence 5. The prevailing climate for training in the organization, based on the record of past programs 6. What needs to be done differently to achieve the desired quality Management Support and Commitment Integration of training into business planning Management as role models for quality Trainees understanding the link between their training and the strategic objectives of the organization Preparing workers to deal with changing expectations through training Establishing the acquiring of training skills as a requisite skill set for all management and team leaders. Effective training design and delivery. Consistent and frequent on-the-job recognition for work done well. Coaching to reinforce the workers use of post-training skills. Treatment of training as an investment in the future. Question? Designing effective training approaches must take into account:
I. The organizations work system.
II. Organization needs. III. Individual employee needs. IV. Training assessment criteria.
a. I, II, and III only
b. I, II, III, and IV c. I and III only d. I, III, and IV only Question? Which of the following statements are true about the differences between training and education?
I. Training focuses more on doing, whereas education focuses more on
thinking. II. Training is typically provided by employers, whereas education might be funded but not provided. III. Training teaches students to acquire new knowledge, whereas education teaches new skills. IV. Training is more job focused, whereas education is more theoretical.
a. I and III only
b. II and IV only c. I, II, and IV only d. II, III, and IV only What Training Can/Cannot Do Training cannot solve problems where lack of skill is not an issue Cannot remedy a situation caused by poor performance Much of the time the problem is systemic Planning for Training Were all project managers now A need is identified Objectives and outcomes stated Stakeholders (trainees) identified Development work is laid out (WBS) Schedule for development, delivery and evaluation is established Resources specified Measurement established Budget developed Plans approved Program development is monitored Training is delivered Outcomes evaluated Lessons learned Training as a Process
1. Determine training needs
2. Design the training program 3. Deliver the training 4. Evaluate the effectiveness of the training 5. Post-training A Training System Model Question? From the following pairs, select the most critical factors relating to training:
a. Support is derived from the strategic plan and the personal
commitment and involvement of top management. b. Top management commitment and employee acceptance of the need for training. c. What training is needed and when. d. Who will deliver training and to whom. Question? In a time of financial stress, training is often one of the first functions to be discontinued, because:
I. Training is not considered part of the strategic plan.
II. Training is treated as a cost with no quantifiable benefits. III. Management does not understand the connection between building and sustaining the organizations competencies and achieving profitability. IV. The correlation between the function of training and the function of product realization has not been established.
a. I and II only b. I, II, and III only c. I, II, III, and IV d. II and IV only Needs Analysis
Use various tools and techniques to develop and
implement training needs analysis Reasons for a Needs Assessment and Analysis
Comply with new or changed regulatory
and/or customer requirements Address new or changed systems, processes, procedures, methods, equipment, tools Add/modify skills Refresh previous training Qualify/certify Correct a skill deficiency Assessing Training Needs Assessment can range from company- wide assessment to a simple observation Companies often match people to jobs based on education then train them on specific skills/requirements of the job Needs assessment should begin with top management and the strategic plan Needs Assessment Techniques and Tools
Review existing records
Interviews with best performers: Focus groups Organizational diagnosis Job analysis Tests, questionnaires, surveys, etc Observation, interview Incident analysis Question? Training appears to be needed in all but one of the following situations. Which one?
a. A new law requires that training be done
b. A continual stream of terminations and new hires is occurring c. A cell structure is being created and all employees within each cell must be able to do any task within the cell d. All employees must learn basic quality principles Question? A training needs analysis is:
a. An assessment of an organizations capability to meet
customers needs. b. The action taken as a direct result of a training design deficiency. c. A gap analysis. d. The best measure of an organizations performance effectiveness. Training Materials/Curriculum Development and Delivery Use various tools, resources and methodologies to develop training materials and curricula that address adult learning principles and the learning needs of an increasingly diverse workforce. Describe various methods to deliver training, including classroom style, workbooks, simulations, on-the- job, self-directed, etc Designing the Training Program
1. A The analysis phase.
2. D The design phase 3. D The development phase 4. I The implementation phase 5. E The evaluation phase Adult Learning Principles
Adults have a need to know why they should learn
something Adults have a deep need to be self directing Adults have a greater volume and different quality of experience than youth Adults become ready to learn when they experience in their life situation a need to know to perform more effectively Adults enter into a learning experience with a task- centred orientation to learning Adults are motivated to learn by both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators Learning Objectives Levels of Cognition
Remember (Knowledge level)
Recall or recognize terms, definitions, facts, ideas, materials, patterns, sequences, methods, principles, etc Understand (Comprehension level) Read and understand descriptions, communications, reports, tables, diagrams, directions, regulations etc Apply (Application level) Know when and how to use ideas, procedures, methods, formulas, principles, theories, etc Learning Objectives Levels of Cognition
Analyze (Analysis level)
Break down information into its constituent parts and recognize their relationship to one another and how they are organized; identify sublevel factors or salient data from a complex scenario Evaluate (Evaluation level) Make judgements about the proposed ideas, solutions etc, by comparing the proposal to specific criteria or standards Create (Synthesis level) Put parts or elements together in such a way as to reveal a pattern or structure not clearly there before; identify which data or information from a complex set is appropriate to examine further or from which supported conclusions can be drawn Lesson Plans
Crucial for training success
Every subject must be adequately researched Develop twice as much material as you think you need Ensure trainees know what is in it for them Practice, practice, practice Use examples that pertain to the operation where possible Stimulate questions Use training aids Adapt the training to the groups level Never make excuses Remain positive Follow the lesson plan Methods of Training Delivery Learner-Controlled Instruction/Self-Directed Learning Lectures and Presentations Discussion Experiential Coaching Case Studies Workbooks Instructional Games, Simulations and Role-Playing Remote Learning Distance Learning Computer-based instruction Job aids OJT Training Effectiveness and Evaluation Describe and implement various ways of measuring training effectiveness, including customer feedback from training sessions, end-of-course test results, on-the-job behaviour/performance change, departmental or area improvements. Video - Volunteerism -- best platform for personal and professional development: Tuan Nguyen at TEDxUOttawa (11:10) Question? Which of the following is the primary purpose of training?
a. Improved technological capabilities
b. Improved human resource capabilities c. Improved employee satisfaction d. Improved operational results Question? Self-directed learning refers to:
a. Self-paced learning in some combination of print
material, computer-aided testing and simulations, CD- ROMs, and so on. b. The choice an individual has as to what he or she wishes to learn. c. Training always delivered without the presence of an instructor or advisor. d. Any training not delivered in a classroom setting. Think Pair Share Individuals not the organization are responsible for their careers Do you agree with this? Support your reasoning.