LATIHAN UAS CH 4 - 6

MEKANIKA FLUIDA DAN

PARTIKEL
 NUMBER 1
A column 0.6 m diameter and 4 m high is,
packed with 25 mm ceramic Raschig rings and
used in a gas absorption process carried out at
101.3 kN/m2 and 293 K. If the liquid and gas
properties approximate to those of water and air
respectively and their flowrates are 2.5 and 0.6
kg/m2s, what is the pressure drop across the
column? In making calculations, Carmans
method should be used. By how much may the
liquid flow rate be increased
before the column floods?
 NUMBER 2
In a contact sulphuric acid plant the secondary converter is
a tray type converter, 2.3 m in diameter with the catalyst
arranged in three layers, each 0.45 m thick. The catalyst is
in the form of cylindrical pellets 9.5 mm in diameter and
9.5 mm long. The void fraction is 0.35. The gas enters the
converter at 675 K and leaves at 720 K. Its inlet
composition is:
SO3 6.6, SO2 1.7, O2 10.0, N2 81.7 mole percent
and its exit composition is:
SO3 8.2, SO2 0.2, O2 9.3, N2 82.3 mole percent
The gas flowrate is 0.68 kg/m2s. Calculate the pressure
drop through the converter. The viscosity of the gas is
0.032 mNs/m2.
 NUMBER 2
A packed bed is composed of cubes 0.02 m on a
side. The bulk density of the packed bed, with
air, is 980 kg/m3. The density of the solid cubes
is 1500 kg/m3.

Calculate the void fraction (e) of the bed.

Calculate the effective diameter (Dp) where Dp is
the diameter of a sphere having the equivalent
volume.
Determine the sphericity of the cubes.
Estimate the minimum fluidization velocity using
water at 38 C and a tower diameter of 0.15 m.
Void Fraction

We know : Vbed V fluid Vsolids and Wbed W fluid Wsolids

bedVbed fluidV fluid solidsVsolids

solidsVsolids fluidV fluid

bedVbed
Vbed
solids
bedVbed solidsVsolids and
Vbed

kg
980
bed m 3
1 1 0.35
solids kg
1500 3
m
Effective diameter

3
a3 Dp
6

3
0.02 D p D p 0.025m
3

Sphericity

6
s
6 1 3 a
13

0.81

6 6
a
 Mimimum Fluidization Velocity

f umf
2
1501 mf
p f g 1.75
s D p mf
3
s D p u mf f

kg kg m kg
1500 994 9. 80 4959
m3 m3 s2 m2s 2

1
s mf
3
mf 0.445
14

kg
1.75 f u 2 1.75 994 u 2
5 kg
3 mf
mf
m 9. 748 10 u 2

0.81 0.025 0.445 3

mf
s D p mf
3
m2s 2
 kg
150 1 0.445 0.693 cp 0.001 umf
150 1 mf u mf m s

s D p mf
2 23
0.81 2 0.025 m 2 0.445 3

kg
1597 2 2
umf
m s

kg kg kg
0 9.748 10 2 2 umf 1597 2 2 umf 4959 2 2
5 2

m s m s m s

m
umf 0.071
s
 UAS 2015_NO 1
A tower having a diameter of 0.1524
m is being fluidized with water at
20.2C. The uniform spherical beads
in the tower bed have a diameter of
4.42 mm and a density of 1603
kg/m3. Estimate the minimum
fluidizing velocity
 UAS 2015_No 2
A packed bed of spherical particles of
3 mm diameter and 5000 kg/m3
density is fluidised by a liquid of
viscosity 1 mNs/m2 and density 1200
kg/m2. Calculate the ratio of
minimum fluidisation velocity to the
settling of the particles in the bed.
 UAS 2015_No 3
Explain why the sedimentation
velocity of uniform course particles in
a suspension decreases as the
concentration is increased
 HOME WORK
Particles of density 1500 kg/m 3 are to be fluidised with air
at 1.36 atm absolut and 450 oC in a vessel 3 m in
diameter. The particles of 15 tons with average diameter
of 200 microns are placed in the vessel, which is filled to
a height of 1.22 m. Gravity acceleration = 9.8 m/sec 2.
Calculate (a) fixed bed void fraction based on volumes of
particles and of vessel, (b) minimum void fraction and bed
height for fluidisation, (c) minimum velocity for
fluidisation, (d) minimum pressure drop for fluidisation,
(e) minimum velocity for entrainment. Because we
don't know the regime, then use Galileo number to
relate Eq 6.11 and Khan and Richardson for
estimate of emf and umf ((b). and (c)).