Shaheed Sukhdev College

of Business Studies

Critical Analysis of
Mid-Day Meal

Under the Guidance of

Dr. Kumar
Bijoy BY :-
ROOPIKA PATWA (15131)
SACHIN KARHANA (15133)
SACHIN KUMAR (15134)
 Millions of underprivileged
children in India are deprived
of educational benefits...

due to HUNGER!
Millions of Children
cant make it to good
health due to Poor
quality unhygienic
food
Poverty-stricken parents
are forced to withdraw
their children from
schools and engage them
in menial jobs.
EVEN THOSE FORTUNATE
who get a chance
to attend schools,
cannot concentrate
on studies due to
HUNGER!
3 Apples +2 = ?
Bananas
Quite difficult to solve on an
EMPTY STOMACH!
 HUNGER

Children locked in
a vicious cycle.

OBSTRUCTS
CURTAILS EDUCATION
OPPORTUNITIES
FOR DEVELOPMENT
3 Big Problems to
Solve :-Education
1. Access to
2. Enrolment of Children, Retention
3. Good meal to attain Health in students
Mid Day Meal
National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education
(NP-NSPE) was launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 15 th
August 1995.
Enhancing enrollment

Retention

Attendance

Nutritional Levels among children

Encouraging poor children

Learning Objectives
Mid Day meal Programme
Implementation Process of MDM
programme
Success Rate and Effectivity of MDM
Monitoring Machenism
Best Practice and Case Studies
Recommendations and Suggestions
Mid-Day Meal Programme
Overview

NP-NSPE was launched on 15th August 1995

Central Assistance

The scheme was Management,

revised In September 2004
Cooking cost monitoring and Transport subsidy
evaluation costs

In July 2006 the scheme was further revised

cooking cost North Eastern Region, UT
 Coverage
All children of primary and upper
primary classes attending:
Govt. Schools
Govt. aided Schools
local body schools
Education Guarantee
Scheme (EGS) / Alternative
Innovative Education (AIE)
centres including madarasas
/ maqtabs.
 Name of Year of
Glimpses
States launching
Tamil Nadu 1923 Started in Madras City by Madras Municipal orporation & extended to full State in 1982.
West Started in Calcutta city by Keshav Academy of Calcutta as compulsory Mid-day Tiffin on payment basis at
1928
Bengal the rate of four annas per child per month.
Maharashtra 1942 Started free mid day meal in Bombay. It was launched in 1995-96 as a centrally sponsored scheme.
Started in Bangalore city to provide cooked rice and yoghurt.There was provision of giving 3 kg of
Karnataka 1946 rice/wheat per month /per child who had 80% or more attendance in 1995. Cooked meal was started in 7
north eastern districts during 2002-3.
Uttar
1953 It introduced a scheme on voluntary basis to give boiled gram, ground-nut, puffed rice and seasonal fruits.
Pradesh
Scheme had been funded by CARE (Cooperate American Relief Everywhere) under US Assistance during the
Kerala 1960
period 1960-1983 (in a pilot manner).
Started with dry ration of 3 kg /per student /per month and started providing cooked meal in 30 blocks of
Bihar 1995
10 districts in 2003-04
Andhra There was provision of giving 3 kg of rice/wheat per month per child with 80% or more attendance in
1995
Pradesh school.
Madhya
1995 Initially dry rations or Dalia was provided.
Pradesh
Rajasthan 1995 Students of Government Primary schools were provided wheat at the rate of 3 kg/ per student /per month
Arunachal
1995 Initially only dry ration was provided in five districts of the state, extended to all schools since 2004.
Pradesh
Students of Government Primary schools were provided wheat at the rate of 3 kg per student/ per month
Punjab 1995 and switched over to cooked meal in one block of every district
in 2002-03.
Initially implemented in 17 blocks of 6 districts & extended to 44 blocks where female literacy rate was
Haryana 1995
lower than the national level in 1996-97.
Himachal
1995 Initially dry ration was provided
Pradesh
Jammu &
1995 Initially dry ration was provided
Kashmir
Meghalaya 1995 Started with dry ration of 3 kg per student /per month.
Jharkhand 2003 It was taken up on a pilot basis in 3140 government primary schools in 19 districts initially.
Implementation Process
Government of India, HRD ministry
of MDM programme
State Government

District

Block

Gram Panchayat
Centralized
Kitchen
School
 Management & Supervision: School
level
Representatives to monitor:

Regularity/ wholesomeness of meal; cleanliness in

cooking
Timeliness in purchase of good quality ingredients,
Display
fuel of Information under Right to
Information Act:
Foster social and gender equity.
Quantity of food grains received/utilized,
Other ingredients purchased, utilized
Number of children given mid day meal.
Daily Menu
Roster of Community Members involved
 Monitoring Mechanism
Task force at
District/Block levels
by States/UTs.
District Level Committees comprising public
representatives e.g.
MPs/MLAs etc. to monitor the implementation of MDM
Scheme.
State level Steering-cum-Management Committee
(SSMC)/National Steering-cum-Management
Committee (NSMC).
Programme
Approval Board
(PAB) meetings.
National level Review
Meetings and Regional
Review Meetings.
Periodic returns : QPRs /
Food grains Lifting
confirmation returns
Mandatory
Inspections of 25%
schools every quarter.
 Status today cont.

Covers children studying in classes I to VIII

Nutritional norms

Components Primary Upper

Primary
Calories 450 700
Protein 12 gms 20 gms
Micro- Adequate quantities of micro
nutrients* nutrients like Iron, Folic acid
and Vitamin-A
*27 States/UTs are implementing School Health Programme.
 Increase in Enrolment
and
Increase in enrolment attribution of
Norms for allocation of funds
and food grains as per
Fund Flow guidelines
Arrangement:

Release of Fund
Estimations of Annual work plan
by HRD minisitry
Total anuual and budget by
after review and
requirement state government
approval

1. Central to State Level

2. State to District level
 Fund Flow Arrangement:

1. Centre to State:-
GOI provides 75% of total approved allocations.
First Instalment is split into two release a) Ad-hoc grant b) balance of first insatllment
Second instalment is realesd based on progress of expenditure incurred

Release of Central Assistance for MDM

Non-
Recurring(in Lakh)
Recurring
year
Balance of
Adhoc 2nd Kitchen
Drought 1st
Release Instalment Devices
Instalment
276667.9
2016-17 225268.5 48092 1 5384.5
380107.3
2015-16 245999.8 2 379852 4820.9

2014-15 293649.2 318172.4 422588.3 12110.8
 Fund Flow Arrangement:

2. State to District:-
allocation of funds Items CMDM, 2002 CMDM, 2004 CMDM, 2006

Norms for
Nutritional Contents
Calories Not Prescribed 300 450
Proteins Not Prescribed 8-12 grams 12 grams
Adequate quantities of iron, folic
Micronutrients Not Prescribed Not Prescribed acid,
Vitamin-A etc.
Rs. 50 per quintal Rs. 100 per quintal for N-E Rs. 100 per quintal for N-E States &
Transport
with Hill Transport States & Rs. 75 per quintal Rs. 75 per quintal for other States
Subsidy
Subsidy for other States & Uts & Uts
Rs. 1.80 per child per school day for
N
Subsidy against Re. 1.00 per child
Not Provided E States & Rs. 1.50 per child
cooking cost per school day
per school day for other States and
Uts
Subsidy for
1.8 % of total Assistance 1.8 % of total Assistance (Free
Management,
Not Provided (Free food, transport cost food, transport cost & cooking
Monitoring and
& cooking cost) cost )
Evaluation(MME)
Infrastructural Assistance
Construction of Convergent with SGRY, NSDP
Maximum of Rs. 60,000 per unit in
Kitchen-cum Not Provided & UWEP
addition with other programmes
Store programmes
Convergent with
Convergent with SSA,
Drinking water SSA, ARWSP &
ARWSP & Swajaldhara
facility Swajaldhara
programmes
programmes
Rs. 2000/- under Rs. 5000/- per
Kitchen Devices
SSA Prorgrammes school per annum
Components of the Scheme

Food Grains
Transportation
Cost of cooking
Infrastructure
Monitoring, Management and Evaluation.
MID DAY MEAL CASE STUDY NEW DELHI
Date : 16th Feb 2017
Place : Deoli , New Delhi
Time : 4 : 00 PM
Center : Government Boys Senior Secondary School

Background : On Thursday 9 Students Were Hospitalized After Consuming Aloo

Puri In Mid Day Meal . Sources Reveal That Lunch Was Severed To Students Of
Class Vi Viii And Two Dead Rats Were Found In The Meal .

Agency : Jan Chetna Jagriti And Shaikshik Vikas Manch , Had Served Lunch
That Particular Day , The Principal Reported That After The Incident , The Cater
Ran Away With The Remaining Food .

Problems : Poor Quality And Variety Of Food

Poor Hygiene
Lack Of Maintenance Of Sheds
Very Poor Infrastructure Facilities
(E.G. Cooking Shed, Water Supply And Utensils)
Solutions : * Cancelation Of Supplier Agency
* Regular Checks And Maintenance
* Establishing Monitoring Mechanism
* Feedback And Suggestion

Actions Taken : * An FIR Has Been Registered Against Operators

Of Jan Chetna
Jagriti And Shaikshik Vikas Manik

( K P Singh And Sanjay Malik, Under Sections 273 (Sale Of

Noxious Food Or Drink) And 336 (Act Endangering Life Or
Personal Safety Of Others) On The Complaint Of School Principal
Girirraj Singh Sharma )

* Inspection Of Kitchen Parameters

* The Food Samples For Test
* Reports Of The Affected Children
* Black Listing Of Food Supplier
 CRITICAL
EVALUTIO
N

SCHOOL GOVER
AUTHORI N-MENT
TES
SUPPLIE
R
AGENCY

Under This Case The Above 3 Parties Are The Major Custodian .

* School Should Be Held Responsible For Lack Of Monitoring Mechanism

* Agency Should Be Held Responsible For Negligence In Cooking And

Preservation Techniques .

* And Gov. For There Laid Back Actions And No Rigid Conclusions.
MID DAY MEAL CASE STUDY ANDRA
PRADESH
PLACE : Guntur

OBJECTIVES:
Improving The Nutritional Status Of Children.
Encouraging Poor Children On Classroom Activities.
Providing Nutritional Support For Children.

Provisions:
Every Child Studying In Schools From Class I VIII For 220
Working Days The Mid Day Meal Shall Be Provided On Each
School Day.
S.No Item Quantity per day per child Calories

Primary Upper Primary Primary Upper Primary

1 Foodgrains (Rice) 100 grm 150 grm 330 510

2 Pulses 20 30 60 100

3 Vegetables (leafy 50 75 25 30
also)

4 Oil & Fat 5 7.5 35 60

5 Salt & condiments As per need As per need - -

6 O then Item -Eggs/ Twice a Twice a 200 200

Fruits week week
Supply / Lifting Of Good Quality Of Foodgrains:

Mandal Level:-
Mandal Educational Officer & Tasildar Of That Mandal Allocate The Food Grains
To The Each School / Implementing Agencies As Per Indent.

School Level: -
The Headmasters/Implementing Agencies Receive The Stocks As Per Their
Requirement/Allocation.

Rice Supplied To The Implementing Agencies As And When Required On The

Basis Of Enrollment Should Be Stored At School Level And They Are To Be Taken
Care Of By Head Master And Implementing Agencies Also.

There Is A Need To Take Care For Storage Place In A School/Kitchen Shed Where
Dry & Clean Surroundings Exist (Food Grains And Ingredients To Be Used For
Cooking, Food Grains, Pluses, Vegetables, Edible Oil & Condiments).

Rice Bags Should Not Be Dumped To The Corners / Walls To Pass Freely By
Rodents.
FLOW OF FUNDS UNDER MANAGEMENT

School Level Expenses 50% Funds Earmarked For School Level Expenses
Can Be Spent On Forms, Stationary, Shops, Plates, Glasses, Mats, Training
Of Cook Cum Helper And Replacement/Repair, Maintenance Of Cooking
Devices, Utensils, And Storage Bean Etc.

Remaining 50% Funds Earmarked For Expenditure At Other Then School

Level I.E , District And State Head-quarter Shall Be Spent On The
Following Items.

* Hearing Charges Of Man Power At Various Levels

* Transport And Contingencies.
* Office Expenses.
* Furniture, Computer Hardware And Consumables.
* Capacity Building Of Officers.
* External Monitoring And Evaluation.
* Preparation Of Relevant Manuals.
* Publicity
MONITORING MECHANISM:-
MANDAL LEVEL:-

Mandal Educational Officer Is A Principle Monitoring Officers At Mandal

Level. Every Visit To A School Must Be Included The Mid Day Meal
Aspects As Follows:
Preparation Of Bills And They Should Be Kept Ready By 5 th Of Every
Month As Per Provision Shown By The District Authorities I.E, Allocation
Of Rice,

* Receipt Of Food Grains And Their Storage, Maintenance Of Records.

* Attendance Of Children Issue Of Riceno Of Children Opted Mdm At
The Time Of Serving.
* Cooking At Hygienic, Atmosphere, Clean And Kept The Surroundings
& Utensils.
* Serving Of Vegetables, Eggs / Fruits Twice In A Week.
* Whether Agencies Had Been Paid As Per Release By Dist/ State.
* Supervision Of Hms / Teacher Are Taking Place At The Time Of
Children Having Meal.
* Prompt Service Of Implementation Agencies.
SCHOOL LEVEL:-

Head Master &Teacher Of Mid Day Meal Opted School Is To Monitor

The Mid Day Meal Programme In Their School For Effective
Implementation.
The Following Impact Parameters To Be Followed And Ensure To
Achieve The Objectives Of Np-nspe.
* Regular And Wholesomeness Of Mid Day Meal Served To Children,
* Promoting Social And Gender Equality.
* Cleanliness In Cooking, Serving And Consumption Of Mid Day Meal.
* Storage Of Rice And Ingredients.
* Maintenance Of Attendance Of Children Issue Of Rice No Of
Children Opted Mdm At The Time Of Serving.
* Cooking At Hygienic, Atmosphere And Keep The Surroundings &
Utensils Clean.
* Serving Of Vegetables, Eggs / Fruits Twice In A Week Etc.
Problems To Mid Day
Meal
Some of the problems most commonly reported in various studies
related to the MDM programme in different parts of the country
include:
1. Very poor infrastructure facilities
2. Repetition of the same menu every day
3. Disruption of classroom
4. Poor quality and variety of food
5. Poor hygiene
6. Inadequate payment of salaries to cooks
7. Insufficient budgetary allocation
8. Caste and religious bias
9. Limited opportunities for parental participation in
the programme .
10. Lack of enough plates
11. Irregular and delayed delivery of food
12. Lack of maintenance of sheds
RECOMMENDATIONS
AND
SUGGESTION
Mutual Cooperation of Mid Day
Meal Scheme through PPP
Initially confined to primary and elementary schools of slum areas

28 November, 2001 was the turning point for Mid Day Meal Scheme in India due to
Supreme Courts order

State Governments took charge to amend the policy of National Program of Nutritional
Support to Primary Education

Order passed by Supreme Court led to mutual co-operation of Mid Day Meal Scheme
through public-private partnership.
Mid Day Meal Scheme
through PPP
NGOs operating in particular state entered into contract with state government.

Through mutual consent it was decided to extend MDMS to all the students enrolled in
primary schools through centralised kitchens operated by NGOs

NGOs have to abide the nutritional standards set for the Mid Day Meal Scheme

NGOs claim that they abide all the rules set up by the Department of Education for Mid
Day Meal Scheme

Mutual Cooperation of Mid Day

Meal Scheme through PPP
NGOs started compromising on the quality and quantity of food

NGOs started filling their pockets by selling the grains provided by Food Corporation of
India for Mid Day Meal Scheme to the mill owners

provided lower quality food to students

all other expenses borne by NGOs which were related to Mid Day Meal Scheme were
reimbursed by government
Mutual Cooperation of Mid Day
Meal Scheme through PPP
Apart from it, there is no safe drinking water in schools, children have to drink ground
water which is hard in nature and maybe infected

In most of the schools only rice and dal are provided in the name of Mid Day Meal, instead
of it different alternatives must be there

Food served lacks grains and oils, children must be fed adequately

adulterated food is provided by school authorities and NGOs which must be discouraged
Mid Day Meal Scheme and
Education
Education plays vital role in fulfilling the basic need of common man

Imparts skills to take on the challenges of life

Includes 4 important factors for achieving the goal of education to all are access to
education, Enrolment of children, Retention of the enrolled children and Achievement.

Government keeps on launching various scheme to extend a helping hand to the

unprivileged section of society who still are far away from being educated
Mid Day Meal Scheme and
Education
To fulfil the objective of Education for all, government launched flagship programme of
SARVA SIKSHA ABHIYAAN

However, some students were still not enrolled in schools so government announced
pittance for students with attendance above 85%

Now for Retention of Enrolled Children, government launched a scheme of National

Program of Nutritional Support to Primary Education under the name of MID DAY MEAL
SCHEME

This scheme benefitted more than 11 crore students and became a grand success but still
a lot of improvement is to be done in this scheme
Mid Day Meal Scheme and
Education
Healthy mind lives in a healthy body

India being the country with the highest number of young population needs to focus on
the development and nourishment of its children as they are the future of the nation

To achieve this objective government is introducing various policies in order to aid or

support the unprivileged
Build Teacher-Student
Relationship
Teachers when interviewed about the impact of Mid Day Meal Scheme, claimed that it
had a positive impact on the attendance of students

Parents send their children school so just to eat nutritious meal once a day

The performance of children also improved as they didn't get hungry during the school
hours

Even where there was no facility of centralised kitchen, students werent asked to help in
the preparations
Suggestions To
Mid Day Meal
1. Government needs to establish a system to ascertain improvement in
nutritional levels of children.
2. Ensure maintenance of health cards in all the schools
3. To narrow the gap between enrolment vs. Actual number of children
availing MDM.
4. Monitoring and supervision mechanisms effectively implemented.
5. To strengthen the internal controls as well as the at all levels.
6. The quality of cooked food served needs to be enhanced.
7. Full utilization of funds.
8. The grievance redressal mechanism should be widened and implemented
at all levels.
9. Provision for training of cooks-cum-helpers on aspects of hygiene, health,
Suggestions To
Mid Day Meal
1. Government needs to establish a system to ascertain improvement in
nutritional levels of children.
2. Ensure maintenance of health cards in all the schools
3. To narrow the gap between enrolment vs. Actual number of children
availing MDM.
4. Monitoring and supervision mechanisms effectively implemented.
5. To strengthen the internal controls as well as the at all levels.
6. The quality of cooked food served needs to be enhanced.
7. Full utilization of funds.
8. The grievance redressal mechanism should be widened and implemented
at all levels.
9. Provision for training of cooks-cum-helpers on aspects of hygiene, health,
Conclusion
Mid Day Meal Scheme had a positive impact

Increased performance of children of BPL families residing in rural areas

Formation of good moral values like removal of classroom hunger, social and gender
equality and other good habits like washing hands before eating, etc.

Students obtained achievements other than academic achievements

Mid Day Meal Scheme must be incorporated with in going healthcare programmes of